Abstract

Due to its calcium-rich and diverse multimineral profile, Aquamin (derived from the red seaweed Lithothamnion sp.) is used globally as a dietary food supplement. Published reports on the genetic and prenatal developmental toxicity of Lithothamnion sp. do not exist. In accordance with the standardized protocols set by the Ministry of Health of the People’s Republic of China (GB-15193), the following studies were performed: the Ames test, the mammalian erythrocyte micronucleus test, the mammalian spermatocyte chromosome test, and prenatal developmental toxicity testing. The results showed that Lithothamnion sp. did not induce a significant increase in the following: revertant colony numbers for Salmonella typhimurium strains TA 97, 98, 100, 102 and 1535; frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCE); spermatocyte chromosomal aberration rate. In the prenatal developmental toxicity study, no mortality, no abnormal changes in behavior and activities, and the absence of toxic symptoms and abnormalities in macroscopic autopsy were observed in each dam/all pups. Compared to the negative control group, Lithothamnion sp. at all tested doses had no effects on body weight gain, number of corpora lutea and implantations, fetal body weight and length, external, visceral and skeletal malformations. In conclusion, Lithothamnion sp. did not cause genetic toxicity. Furthermore, the prenatal developmental toxicity no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) was determined to be greater than 2000 mg/kg.bw.

摘要

由于其丰富的钙含量和多样的多种矿物质特征，Aquamin（源自红海藻Lithothamnion sp。）在全球范围内被用作饮食食品补充剂。已发表的有关石霉菌卵的遗传和产前发育毒性的报道。不存在。根据中华人民共和国卫生部（GB-15193）制定的标准化协议，进行了以下研究：Ames试验，哺乳动物红细胞微核试验，哺乳动物精细胞染色体试验和产前发育毒性测试。结果表明，Lithothamnion sp。并没有导致以下各项的显着增加：鼠伤寒沙门氏菌的回复菌落数TA 97、98、100、102和1535株; 微核多色红细胞（MNPCE）的频率；精母细胞染色体畸变率。在产前发育毒性研究中，在每个大坝/所有幼犬中均未观察到死亡率，行为和活动的异常变化以及宏观尸检中没有毒性症状和异常。与阴性对照组相比，Lithothamnion sp。在所有测试剂量下，对体重增加，黄体数目和着床次数，胎儿体重和长度，外在，内脏和骨骼畸形均无影响。最后，Lithothamnion sp。没有引起遗传毒性。此外，未观察到的产前发育毒性未观察到的不良反应水平（NOAEL）大于2000 mg / kg.bw。