Background

The aim of this study is to examine the association between traumatic brain injury (TBI) and school readiness using a nationally representative sample of preschool-aged children in the United States.

Methods

Using data on 15,402 preschool-aged children (ages three to five years) from the 2016 to 2018 cohorts of the National Survey of Children’s Health, this study investigates the association between lifetime measure of TBI in children and four domains of school readiness: early learning skills, self-regulation, social-emotional development, and physical health/motor development.

Results

Among this sample of preschool-aged children, 252 (1.64%) had experienced a TBI during their lifetime. Within school readiness domains, TBI was associated with a 62% to 99% increase in the rate of needs support/at-risk items and a 129% to 322% increase in the rate of at-risk items, contingent on the exact domain examined. Additional analyses reveal that, net of covariates, TBI reduced the predicted probability of being on-track across all four domains from approximately 0.424 for children with no history of TBI to 0.224 for children with a history of TBI.

Conclusions

A history of TBI was associated with reductions in school readiness within and across domains. Facilitating better communication between parents, pediatricians, and schools about both TBI and responses to TBI may result in the implementation of services and individualized, tailored instructional approaches that can improve educational outcomes.

中文翻译：

---

美国学龄前儿童的创伤性脑损伤和入学准备情况

背景

本研究的目的是使用具有全国代表性的美国学龄前儿童样本来检查创伤性脑损伤 (TBI) 与入学准备之间的关系。

方法

本研究使用 2016 年至 2018 年全国儿童健康调查队列中 15,402 名学龄前儿童（3 至 5 岁）的数据，调查儿童 TBI 的终生测量与入学准备的四个领域之间的关联：早期学习技能、自我调节、社会情感发展和身体健康/运动发展。

结果

在这个学龄前儿童样本中，252 人（1.64%）在其一生中经历过 TBI。在入学准备领域内，TBI 与需求支持/风险项目的比率增加 62% 至 99% 相关，风险项目的比率增加 129% 至 322%，具体取决于所检查的确切领域. 其他分析表明，扣​​除协变量后，TBI 将所有四个领域的预测概率从没有 TBI 病史的儿童的大约 0.424 降低到有 TBI 病史的儿童的 0.224。

结论

TBI 病史与领域内和跨领域的入学准备率降低有关。促进父母、儿科医生和学校之间就 TBI 和对 TBI 的反应进行更好的沟通，可能会导致实施服务和个性化、量身定制的教学方法，从而改善教育成果。