Abstract The mantle beneath the Western Dharwar Craton of the Indian shield comprises a suite of refractory and fertile peridotites and mafic granulites. Detailed petrographic studies coupled with new mineral analysis and geothermobarometric estimations permit to decipher the thermal architecture and get an insight into the evolution of this ancient craton. The refractory rocks are coarse grained harzburgites/dunites, whereas the more fertile ones are at times, porphyroclastic lherzolites. Both show a similar range of equilibration temperatures and pressures indicating intermixing between the two at various levels. The peridotites contain undeformed interstitial REE-enriched clinopyroxene, phlogopite, apatite and carbonates recording post-kinematic modal and cryptic metasomatic events in the Precambrian cratonic lithosphere. Xenoliths of mafic granulite contain layers of clinopyroxenite which also vein the granulite. The P-T range of the granulites overlaps that of the ultramafic rocks. This study in combination with previous investigations reveals a distinct change in the thermal architecture of the craton from a warm/hot geotherm in the Proterozoic to a highly perturbed, still hotter geotherm of the Palaeocene. The Cenozoic thermotectonic rifting episodes heated, refertilized and thinned the bulk of the cratonic lithosphere beneath the Western Dharwar Craton, which has witnessed the most re-activation among cratons of the Indian shield. The waning of the Deccan Traps volcanism in Palaeocene time saw the reworking of ancient cratonic lithosphere and its replacement by non-cratonic, juvenile mantle and magmatic accretions, indicated by compound xenoliths. Differing petrological and geochemical characteristics of refractory xenoliths and fertile lherzolites serve to constrain the relative timing and composition of non-cratonic lithosphere. By the end of the Palaeocene the Western Dharwar Craton was characterised by a thermal high, an attenuated continental lithosphere (60–80 km), and a thin crust (

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印度克拉通热结构及其对西达尔瓦尔克拉通去克拉通化的影响：来自德干圈闭中地幔捕虏体的证据

摘要 印度地盾西达尔瓦克拉通下方的地幔由一组耐火肥沃的橄榄岩和镁铁质麻粒岩组成。详细的岩相学研究加上新的矿物分析和地温气压估计，可以破译热结构并深入了解这个古老克拉通的演化。耐火岩石是粗粒的斜方辉石/纯英岩，而更肥沃的岩石有时是斑状碎屑辉长岩。两者都显示出相似的平衡温度和压力范围，表明两者在不同水平上混合。橄榄岩包含未变形的间隙中富含 REE 的斜辉石、金云母、磷灰石和碳酸盐，记录了前寒武纪克拉通岩石圈的后运动模态和隐匿交代事件。镁铁质麻粒岩的捕虏体包含单斜辉石岩层，这也使麻粒岩脉络。麻粒岩的 PT 范围与超基性岩的 PT 范围重叠。这项研究与之前的调查相结合，揭示了克拉通的热结构发生了明显的变化，从元古界的温暖/炎热地温到古新世的高度扰动、仍然更热的地温。新生代热构造裂谷事件使西达尔瓦尔克拉通下方的大部分克拉通岩石圈加热、再肥化和变薄，这是印度地盾克拉通最活跃的地区。古新世德干圈闭火山活动的减弱见证了古代克拉通岩石圈的改造及其被非克拉通、幼年地幔和岩浆增生所取代，由复合捕虏体表明。难熔捕虏体和肥沃的锂辉石的不同岩石学和地球化学特征有助于限制非克拉通岩石圈的相对时间和组成。到古新世末期，西达尔瓦克拉通的特征是热高、大陆岩石圈减弱（60-80 公里）和薄地壳（