Abstract Monitoring the vocalizations produced by livestock in commercial facilities can be used to remotely assess the arousal, and perhaps welfare, of the animals. Domestic swine is an ideal candidate for this type of assessment as it is a highly social and vocal mammal, however, a standardized description of the vocal repertoire of domestic swine has yet to be established. The objectives of this study were (1) to identify specific vocalizations produced by pre-weaning gilts in response to brief 5 min isolation from dam and natal farrowing pen using advanced acoustic analysis, and, (2) examine the relationship between such vocalizations and behaviors displayed during isolation in order to examine the potential for specific vocalizations, or “call types”, to represent different arousal levels in the animal. Vocalizations were classified according to acoustic and spectral characteristics such as peak frequency, duration, frequency range, and harmonics. Over 14,000 vocalizations across 40 gilts were analyzed and categorized into seven call types (A-G). The most frequent vocalizations identified were type E calls (squeals, 28.9%), C calls (croaks, 21.9%), D calls (high frequency grunts, 18.4%), and A calls (low frequency grunts, 18%). Call type was found to co-vary with several behavioral responses to isolation. C calls (croaks) were positively correlated (P

中文翻译：

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鉴定断奶前母猪对隔离产生的特定呼叫类型

摘要 监测商业设施中牲畜发出的声音可用​​于远程评估动物的觉醒程度，甚至可能是福利。家猪是此类评估的理想候选者，因为它是一种高度社交和发声的哺乳动物，但是，尚未建立对家猪发声曲目的标准化描述。本研究的目的是 (1) 使用高级声学分析确定断奶前母猪在与母猪和产仔栏短暂隔离 5 分钟时产生的特定发声，以及 (2) 检查此类发声与行为之间的关系在隔离期间显示，以检查特定发声或“呼叫类型”的潜力，以代表动物的不同唤醒水平。发声根据声学和频谱特征进行分类，例如峰值频率、持续时间、频率范围和谐波。对 40 头小母猪的 14,000 多个发声进行了分析，并将其分为七种呼叫类型 (AG)。识别出的最常见的发声是 E 型叫声（尖叫声，28.9%）、C 型叫声（嘶嘶声，21.9%）、D 型叫声（高频咕噜声，18.4%）和 A 型叫声（低频叫声，18%）。发现呼叫类型与对隔离的几种行为反应共同变化。C 叫声（croaks）呈正相关（P C 调用（croaks，21.9%）、D 调用（高频咕噜声，18.4%）和 A 调用（低频咕噜声，18%）。发现呼叫类型与对隔离的几种行为反应共同变化。C 叫声（croaks）呈正相关（P C 调用（croaks，21.9%）、D 调用（高频咕噜声，18.4%）和 A 调用（低频咕噜声，18%）。发现呼叫类型与对隔离的几种行为反应共同变化。C 叫声（croaks）呈正相关（P