Abstract

The South Okhotsk Sea province, which includes the Sakhalin, Kunashir, Iturup, Urup islands and surrounding sea areas, comprises numerous occurrences of rare, noble metals and other mineralization, as well as petroleum fields, gas hydrate accumulations, and, locally, active emission of water–hydrocarbon gases. The occurrences and deposits of solid, liquid, and gaseous mineral resources are controlled by hidden deep-seated transform-type fault zones: Nosappu (Tuscarora), Iturup, and Urup. These long-lived extended (over 1000 km) zones are distinguished on the NW Pacific megaplate margin, near the SE flank of the Kuril–Kamchatka trough. Using seismotomographic methods we have established their extension to the west from the seismic focal zone in the oceanic slab subsided into mantle transition zone. In the areas of pull-apart extension, the faults provided active formation of drainage channels for seawater penetration in the lithosphere with subsequent serpentinization of its ultramafic rocks, and for decompressional generation of ascending mantle-derived abiogenic fluid flows. The latter penetrated from the subslab asthenosphere into the suprasubduction mantle wedge and sublithospheric mantle and caused metasomatism. The subsequent migration of the flows led to the generation of the primary magma reservoirs in the lower parts of the continental lithosphere, and intermediate and peripheral chambers in the Earth’s crust. The injection of melts from the chambers in the consolidated crust led to the formation of abyssal and hypabyssal intrusive massifs, arch-dome uplifts, and magmatogenic-ore systems predominantly among the rocks of the pre-Pliocene basement. The concentration of oil and gas accumulations from the mantle-derived abiogenic hydrocarbons bearing mercury, gold, rhenium, and PGE in reservoirs beneath fluid-impermeable beds among Cenozoic sedimentary basins also was related to deep sub- and supraslab fluid flows.

中文翻译：

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鄂霍次克州南部的矿床和石油区以及深部地球动力学

摘要

包括萨哈林岛，库纳希尔，伊图鲁普，乌鲁普群岛和周围海域在内的鄂霍次克海南部省份，无数稀有，贵金属和其他矿化矿产，以及油田，天然气水合物的聚集以及局部的主动排放水-碳氢化合物气体。固态，液态和气态矿产资源的发生和沉积由隐伏的深层转换型断层带控制：Nosappu（Tuscarora），Iturup和Urup。这些长寿命的扩展区域（超过1000公里）在西北太平洋巨板边缘上较为显着，靠近千岛—堪察加海槽的东南侧面。使用地震层析法，我们确定了它们从大洋板的地震震源区向西扩展到地幔过渡区的趋势。在分离式扩展方面，这些断层为岩石层中海水的渗透，随后的超镁铁质岩石的蛇形化以及为地幔衍生的非生物成因流体的减压产生提供了活跃的排水通道。后者从板下软流圈渗透到俯冲上地幔楔和岩石圈下地幔中，并引起交代作用。随后的流动迁移导致在大陆岩石圈下部形成了主要的岩浆储集层，并在地壳中形成了中层和外围室。从合并的地壳中的腔室注入熔体导致形成了深海和海底侵入性地块，拱顶隆起和成岩成矿系统，主要是在上新世前基底的岩石中。