Background and purpose The safety and effectiveness of endovascular treatment for non-Galenic pial arteriovenous fistula (NGPAVF) is inadequately known. The aim of this study is to explore the role of endovascular embolisation for curative treatment of NGPAVF. Materials and methods Patients with NGPAVF underwent endovascular treatment from January 2011 to November 2019 in our institution were retrospectively reviewed. Demographics, clinical information, treatment details and clinical outcomes were collected. Factors associated with clinical outcomes were statistically analysed. Results Twenty patients were included, with a total of 22 (2 patients have 2 fistulas) lesions. A total of 25 procedures were performed and 5 patients underwent 2 procedures. Follow-up ranged from 3 to 84 months (mean=34.5 months). Thirteen (59.1%) lesions in 12 (60.0%) patients acquired immediate occlusion after initial treatment (immediately occluded group) and follow-up confirmed the complete obliteration. A total of 17 (77.3%) lesions in 15 (75.0%) patients were cured at last follow-up. The maximal diameter of feeding arteries (p=0.04) and the maximal diameter of the varix (p=0.01) in immediately occluded group was smaller than non-immediately occluded group. The number of feeding artery (p=0.004) and the maximal diameter of the varix (p<0.001) were much smaller in curative group than non-curative group. Seven patients suffered procedure-related complications. No patients had an increased Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) and all patients had favourable clinical outcome (mRS ≥2) at last follow-up. Conclusions Endovascular therapy plays an important role in curative treatment of NGPAVF. Patients with less feeding arteries and small varix may be easier to be cured by endovascular embolisation. Data are available on reasonable request.

中文翻译：

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血管内栓塞治疗颅内非盖仑软脑膜动静脉瘘的作用

背景和目的 血管内治疗非盖仑软脑膜动静脉瘘 (NGPAVF) 的安全性和有效性尚不清楚。本研究的目的是探讨血管内栓塞在根治性治疗 NGPAVF 中的作用。材料与方法 回顾性分析我院2011年1月至2019年11月接受血管内治疗的NGPAVF患者。收集了人口统计学、临床信息、治疗细节和临床结果。对与临床结果相关的因素进行了统计分析。结果共纳入20例患者，共22个（2例有2个瘘管）病灶。共进行了 25 次手术，5 名患者接受了 2 次手术。随访时间为 3 至 84 个月（平均 = 34.5 个月）。12 个 (60. 0%）患者在初始治疗后获得即刻闭塞（即刻闭塞组），随访证实完全闭塞。末次随访时15例（75.0%）患者共17处（77.3%）病灶治愈。即刻闭塞组供血动脉最大直径(p=0.04)和静脉曲张最大直径(p=0.01)小于非即刻闭塞组。治愈组的供血动脉数量（p=0.004）和最大静脉曲张直径（p<0.001）远小于未治愈组。七名患者出现与手术相关的并发症。没有患者的改良 Rankin 量表 (mRS) 增加，所有患者在最后一次随访时都有良好的临床结果 (mRS ≥2)。结论血管内治疗对NGPAVF的根治性治疗具有重要作用。供血动脉较少且静脉曲张较小的患者可能更容易通过血管内栓塞治愈。可根据合理要求提供数据。