Systena frontalis (F.) is a major insect pest of nursery production systems in the Midwest and Northeastern regions of the United States with the adults feeding on plant leaves, which reduces salability. However, there is conflicting information on overwintering, and no information on host-plant selection or insecticide susceptibility of S. frontalis adults. Therefore, we conducted a series of experiments under greenhouse, laboratory, and field conditions from 2015 to 2019. The overwintering experiment was isolated in a greenhouse to assess adult emergence from growing medium of containerized plants collected from a wholesale nursery. We found that S. frontalis overwinters in growing medium based on adults captured on yellow sticky cards and the presence of adults on new plant growth. Host-plant selection experiments were conducted at the wholesale nursery and under laboratory conditions to determine feeding selection based on S. frontalis adult feeding damage on whole plants using a foliar damage ranking scale for different cultivars of Itea virginica L., Hydrangea paniculata Siebold, Weigela florida (Bunge), and Cornus sericea L., plants. We found that S. frontalis adults exhibited no preference for the leaves of the plant species or cultivars tested in the field or laboratory. Insecticide efficacy experiments were conducted under field and laboratory conditions. In the field experiments, the insecticides acetamiprid, dinotefuran, and Isaria fumosorosea (Wize) (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) provided better protection of plants from S. frontalis adult feeding than the untreated check. In the laboratory experiments, the acetamiprid and pyrethrins with canola oil treatments provided the highest percent S. frontalis adult mortality.

中文翻译：

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Systena frontalis（鞘翅目：Chrysomelidae）的越冬、寄主植物选择和杀虫剂敏感性：苗圃生产系统的主要害虫

Systena frontalis (F.) 是美国中西部和东北部地区苗圃生产系统的主要害虫，成虫以植物叶子为食，降低了适销性。然而，关于越冬的信息存在矛盾，并且没有关于 S. frontalis 成虫的寄主植物选择或杀虫剂敏感性的信息。因此，我们于 2015 年至 2019 年在温室、实验室和田间条件下进行了一系列实验。在温室中隔离越冬实验，以评估从批发苗圃收集的容器化植物生长培养基中的成虫出苗情况。我们发现 S. frontalis 在生长培养基中越冬，这是基于黄色粘卡上捕获的成虫和新植物生长中成虫的存在。在批发苗圃和实验室条件下进行寄主植物选择实验，以确定基于 S. frontalis 成虫对整株植物的摄食损害，使用 Itea virginica L.、Hydrangea paniculata Siebold、Weigela 的不同品种的叶面损害等级量表来确定喂养选择佛罗里达 (Bunge) 和 Cornus sericea L.，植物。我们发现 S. frontalis 成虫对在田间或实验室中测试的植物物种或栽培品种的叶子没有表现出偏好。杀虫剂功效实验在田间和实验室条件下进行。在田间试验中，杀虫剂啶虫脒、呋虫胺和Isaria fumosorosea (Wize) (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) 比未经处理的对照提供了更好的保护植物免于S. frontalis 成虫摄食。在实验室实验中，