Abstract The present study explores the potential of Valeriana jatamansi shoot extract for Ag-metal bio-reduction and its antimicrobial activity. Among the different ratios of AgNO3 and extract tested, 1:5 (1 mL AgNO3 and 5 mL extract) gave maximum SPR peak at 411.0 nm during UV-Vis spectrophotometric analysis, indicating the synthesis of maximum amount of AgNPs in solution. XRD analysis reported the crystalline nature of AgNPs with 13.32 nm nanocrystallite size. FTIR studies suggested the involvement of carboxylic acid (–[C–O–O–H]) and methane (–CH–) functional groups of different compounds in AgNPs reduction and fabrication. Average size of synthesized uniform shaped nanospheres was 32 nm by SEM image analysis. The produced AgNPs (1.5 mg/disc) showed growth inhibition of 71.46, 65.97, 61.5, 55.32, and 54.83% against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, Xanthomonas campestris, and Staphylococcus aureus. While the least growth inhibition of 48.55% was recorded for Klebsiella pneumonia, suggesting it as the least-susceptible microbe among all the tested microbial species. P. aeruginosa was found to be most sensitive of all tested microbes, while E. coli, C. albicans, and X. campestris reported moderate susceptibility to AgNPs.

中文翻译：

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缬草提取物银纳米粒子的绿色合成及其抗菌活性

摘要 本研究探讨了缬草芽提取物对银金属生物还原的潜力及其抗菌活性。在测试的不同比例的 AgNO3 和提取物中，1:5（1 mL AgNO3 和 5 mL 提取物）在 UV-Vis 分光光度分析期间在 411.0 nm 处产生最大 SPR 峰，表明溶液中合成了最大量的 AgNPs。XRD 分析报告了具有 13.32 nm 纳米微晶尺寸的 AgNP 的结晶性质。FTIR 研究表明，不同化合物的羧酸 (–[C–O–O–H]) 和甲烷 (–CH–) 官能团参与了 AgNPs 的还原和制造。通过SEM图像分析，合成的均匀形状的纳米球的平均尺寸为32nm。产生的 AgNPs (1.5 mg/disc) 对铜绿假单胞菌的生长抑制作用分别为 71.46、65.97、61.5、55.32 和 54.83%，大肠杆菌、白色念珠菌、油菜黄单胞菌和金黄色葡萄球菌。虽然肺炎克雷伯菌的生长抑制最小，为 48.55%，表明它是所有测试微生物物种中最不敏感的微生物。发现铜绿假单胞菌对所有测试的微生物最敏感，而大肠杆菌、白色念珠菌和野油菜报告对 AgNPs 具有中等敏感性。