In terrains with limited soil cover and groundwater storage, groundwater resource management is governed by the spatial nature of storage, recharge and distributed local extraction. Local soils act as important groundwater reservoirs for residents who have no other feasible water supply. A novel heuristic methodology is presented which accounts for the spatial distribution of storage and extraction, using existing topographical and geological databases in addition to well data to construct an applied conceptual groundwater model with assumed stratigraphy. The method uses a GIS environment and allows for modelling climate and land-use scenarios. Several scenarios were examined, demonstrating that average reservoir volumes meet demand but at the local levels depletion of reservoirs occurs. Groundwater abstraction in excess of 50% of the approximate freshwater storage was observed in the model, particularly near the coast. Soil-filled valleys may act as local hydraulic barriers by maintaining a higher pressure head as they are less susceptible to largelevel fluctuations than the hard rock and may aid in preventing contamination from saline water provided no direct hydraulic connection is present. The method demonstrates the importance of a spatial approach in managing groundwater resources and could be used as a tool in increasing water security.

中文翻译：

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将存储和空间变异性纳入浅层地下水平衡：迈向硬岩沿海地区的水安全

在土壤覆盖和地下水储存有限的地形中，地下水资源管理受储存、补给和分布式局部提取的空间性质控制。对于没有其他可行供水的居民来说，当地土壤是重要的地下水库。提出了一种新的启发式方法，它考虑了存储和提取的空间分布，使用现有的地形和地质数据库以及井数据来构建具有假设地层的应用概念地下水模型。该方法使用 GIS 环境并允许对气候和土地使用场景进行建模。研究了几种情景，表明平均水库容量满足需求，但在局部水平上发生了水库枯竭。在模型中观察到地下水抽取超过近似淡水储存量的 50%，特别是在海岸附近。充满土壤的山谷可以通过保持较高的压头作为局部水力屏障，因为它们比硬岩更不容易受到大水平波动的影响，并且如果不存在直接的水力连接，可能有助于防止盐水污染。该方法证明了空间方法在管理地下水资源方面的重要性，并可用作提高水安全的工具。充满土壤的山谷可以通过保持较高的压头作为局部水力屏障，因为它们比硬岩更不容易受到大水平波动的影响，并且如果不存在直接的水力连接，可能有助于防止盐水污染。该方法证明了空间方法在管理地下水资源方面的重要性，并可用作提高水安全的工具。充满土壤的山谷可以通过保持较高的压头作为局部水力屏障，因为它们比硬岩更不容易受到大水平波动的影响，并且如果不存在直接的水力连接，可能有助于防止盐水污染。该方法证明了空间方法在管理地下水资源方面的重要性，并可用作提高水安全的工具。