Abstract

SARS-CoV-2 is an emerging human beta-coronavirus that caused the COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease − 19) pandemic, the most significant health and social crisis in the last 100 years. SARS-CoV-2 is not only a respiratory virus; the symptoms of COVID-19 can include gastrointestinal, neurological, renal, cardiovascular and other complications. A large part of SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals are asymptomatic or have mild symptoms, around 20% of COVID-19 cases require hospitalization, and 5% can become critically ill. This review summarizes data on the biology of the virus and its pathological manifestations, antiviral immune response, information on the experimental models used in the related studies, treatment approaches and vaccine strategies.

摘要

SARS-CoV-2是一种新兴的人类β冠状病毒，它引起了COVID-19（冠状病毒病-19）大流行，这是过去100年来最严重的健康和社会危机。SARS-CoV-2不只是呼吸道病毒；COVID-19的症状可能包括胃肠道，神经系统，肾脏，心血管和其他并发症。大部分SARS-CoV-2感染者无症状或有轻度症状，约20％的COVID-19病例需要住院治疗，而5％的人可能会重病。这篇综述总结了有关病毒生物学及其病理表现，抗病毒免疫反应的数据，有关研究中使用的实验模型的信息，治疗方法和疫苗策略。