In the quest for safer and cheaper batteries, rechargeable batteries based on zinc demonstrate great potential in many energy storage applications. Zinc is cheap, safe and abundant. Despite this, the commercialisation of rechargeable zinc batteries, particularly based on aqueous electrolytes remains significantly challenging, mainly due dendritic growth and passivation of zinc which inhibits its long-term cycle stability. Herein we provide a comprehensive review on some of the recently emerging non-aqueous electrolytes, including organic solvents, super-concentrated salts, deep-eutectic mixtures and ionic liquids, which offer many advantages over aqueous systems. We also discuss some of the challenges that need to be addressed to establish rechargeable zinc batteries as a mainstream option.

为了寻求更安全，更便宜的电池，基于锌的可充电电池在许多储能应用中显示出巨大的潜力。锌便宜，安全且丰富。尽管如此，特别是基于水性电解质的可再充电锌电池的商业化仍然存在很大挑战，这主要是由于锌的树枝状生长和钝化抑制了锌的长期循环稳定性。本文中，我们对一些最近出现的非水电解质进行了全面的综述，包括有机溶剂，超浓缩盐，深共晶混合物和离子液体，它们比水体系具有许多优势。我们还讨论了将可充电锌电池作为主流选择所需要解决的一些挑战。