Abstract Human faeces (HF) are treated as wastes in many parts of the world, a resource that can be converted to energy and fuels. To enhance the understanding of fuel conversion processes and decomposition characteristics, this study investigated the pyrolysis behaviour and evolved gas profiles of HF using thermogravimetry with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry methods. Kinetic parameters were deduced using model-free kinetic models. Results are compared with simulant faeces (SF), wood biomass (WB) and HF–WB blends. The pyrolysis of HF involved two decomposition peaks — a fronting peak with weight loss of ∼ 51 wt% and a tailing shoulder peak with weight loss of ∼ 15 wt%. The apparent activation energy for HF varied from 122–382 kJ/mol at conversion rates of 10%–90% using Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose model. Some of the key pyrolysis products for HF at 370 °C were 4-methoxy-phenol, n-hexadecanoic acid, phenol, 4-methyl- and indole isomer (pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyridine). At 530 °C, evolved gases were largely fragmented with high proportions of alkanes and alkenes including 3-dodecane, 2-undecane, 6-tridecene, 2-propenylidene-cyclobutene. These products differed to WB that are largely hydroxyphenyls and methoxyphenols with guaiacyl or syringil structures. Blending with WB improved pyrolysis of HF, irrespective of the proportions of blend.

中文翻译：

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用热重-气相色谱-质谱法研究人类粪便、模拟粪便和木材生物质的热解特性和动力学

摘要 人类粪便 (HF) 在世界许多地方都被当作废物处理，这种资源可以转化为能源和燃料。为了加深对燃料转化过程和分解特性的理解，本研究使用热重法和气相色谱-质谱法研究了 HF 的热解行为和释放的气体分布。使用无模型动力学模型推导出动力学参数。结果与模拟粪便 (SF)、木质生物质 (WB) 和 HF-WB 混合物进行了比较。HF 的热解涉及两个分解峰 - 一个前峰重量损失约 51 wt% 和一个拖尾肩峰重量损失约 15 wt%。使用 Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose 模型，HF 的表观活化能为 122-382 kJ/mol，转化率为 10%-90%。在 370 °C 下，HF 的一些关键热解产物是 4-甲氧基苯酚、正十六烷酸、苯酚、4-甲基和吲哚异构体（吡咯并 [1,2-a] 吡啶）。在 530 °C 时，释放出的气体大部分被裂解，其中含有高比例的烷烃和烯烃，包括 3-十二烷、2-十一烷、6-十三烯、2-亚丙烯-环丁烯。这些产品与 WB 不同，WB 主要是具有愈创木酰基或丁香基结构的羟苯基和甲氧基苯酚。与 WB 混合改善了 HF 的热解，与混合比例无关。这些产品与 WB 不同，WB 主要是具有愈创木酰基或丁香基结构的羟苯基和甲氧基苯酚。与 WB 混合改善了 HF 的热解，而与混合比例无关。这些产品与 WB 不同，WB 主要是具有愈创木酰基或丁香基结构的羟苯基和甲氧基苯酚。与 WB 混合改善了 HF 的热解，与混合比例无关。