Significance: Transcranial photobiomodulation (PBM) is a noninvasive neuromodulation technique capable of producing changes in the mitochondrial cytochrome c-oxidase (CCO) activity of neurons. Although the application of PBM in clinical practice and as a neurophysiological tool is increasing, less is known about how different treatment time intervals may result in different outcomes. Aim: We evaluated the effects of different PBM treatment intervals on brain metabolic activity through the CCO and proto-oncogene expression (c-Fos). Approach: We studied PBM effects on brain CCO and c-Fos expression in three groups of animals: Control (CN, n = 8), long interval PBM treatment (LI, n = 5), and short interval PBM treatment (SI, n = 5). Results: Increased CCO activity in the LI group, compared to the SI and CN groups, was found in the prefrontal cortices, dorsal and ventral striatum, and hippocampus. Regarding c-Fos expression, we found a significant increase in the SI group compared to LI and CN, whereas LI showed increased c-Fos expression compared to CN in the cingulate and infralimbic cortices. Conclusions: We show the effectiveness of different PBM interval schedules in increasing brain metabolic activity or proto-oncogene expression.

中文翻译：

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光生物调节间隔时间表对脑细胞色素c-氧化酶和原癌基因表达的差异影响

意义：经颅光生物调节（PBM）是一种非侵入性神经调节技术，能够产生神经元线粒体细胞色素c-氧化酶（CCO）活性的变化。尽管PBM在临床实践中以及作为神经生理学工具的应用正在增加，但是对于不同的治疗时间间隔如何导致不同结果的了解却很少。目的：我们通过CCO和原癌基因表达（c-Fos）评估了不同PBM治疗间隔对大脑代谢活动的影响。方法：我们研究了三组动物中PBM对脑CCO和c-Fos表达的影响：对照组（CN，n = 8），长间隔PBM治疗（LI，n = 5）和短间隔PBM治疗（SI，n = 5）。结果：与SI和CN组相比，LI组的前额叶皮层中CCO活性增加，背侧和腹侧纹状体，以及海马体。关于c-Fos表达，我们发现SI组与扣带回和下肢皮质相比，与LI和CN相比显着增加，而LI显示与CN相比，c-Fos表达增加。结论：我们显示了不同的PBM间隔计划在增加脑代谢活动或原癌基因表达方面的有效性。