The functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) technology is an optical imaging technology that applies near-infrared light to measure the oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin concentration alteration in cortical brain structures. It has the ability to directly measure changes in the blood oxygen level of the high temporal resolution associated with neural activation. Thus, it has been utilized in different neurological diseases, such as epilepsy, stroke, and Parkinson. The work of this paper will focus on the application of the fNIRS in the three neurological diseases and the principle of fNIRS. Moreover, the difficulties and challenges that the technology is currently experiencing have been discussed.

中文翻译：

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功能性近红外光谱在神经系统疾病中的应用：癫痫、中风和帕金森

功能性近红外光谱 (fNIRS) 技术是一种光学成像技术，它应用近红外光来测量大脑皮质结构中含氧和脱氧血红蛋白浓度的变化。它具有直接测量与神经激活相关的高时间分辨率的血氧水平变化的能力。因此，它已被用于不同的神经系统疾病，如癫痫、中风和帕金森。本文的工作将重点介绍fNIRS在三种神经系统疾病中的应用以及fNIRS的原理。此外，还讨论了该技术目前遇到的困难和挑战。