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POLARIS: Probabilistic and Ontological Activity Recognition in Smart-homes
IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering ( IF 8.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-01 , DOI: 10.1109/tkde.2019.2930050
Gabriele Civitarese , Timo Sztyler , Daniele Riboni , Claudio Bettini , Heiner Stuckenschmidt

Recognition of activities of daily living (ADLs) is an enabling technology for several ubiquitous computing applications. Most activity recognition systems rely on supervised learning to extract activity models from labeled datasets. A problem with that approach is the acquisition of comprehensive activity datasets, which is an expensive task. The problem is particularly challenging when focusing on complex ADLs characterized by large variability of execution. Moreover, several activity recognition systems are limited to offline recognition, while many applications claim for online activity recognition. In this paper, we propose POLARIS, a framework for unsupervised activity recognition. POLARIS can recognize complex ADLs exploiting the semantics of activities, context data, and sensors. Through ontological reasoning, our algorithm derives semantic correlations among activities and sensor events. By matching observed events with semantic correlations, a statistical reasoner formulates initial hypotheses about the occurred activities. Those hypotheses are refined through probabilistic reasoning, exploiting semantic constraints derived from the ontology. Our system supports online recognition, thanks to a novel segmentation algorithm. Extensive experiments with real-world datasets show that the accuracy of our unsupervised method is comparable to the one of supervised approaches. Moreover, the online version of our system achieves essentially the same accuracy of the offline version.

中文翻译:

POLARIS:智能家居中的概率和本体活动识别

日常生活活动的识别 (ADL) 是一种适用于多种无处不在的计算应用程序的技术。大多数活动识别系统依靠监督学习从标记数据集中提取活动模型。这种方法的一个问题是获取全面的活动数据集,这是一项昂贵的任务。当关注以执行变化大为特征的复杂 ADL 时,这个问题尤其具有挑战性。此外,一些活动识别系统仅限于离线识别,而许多应用程序声称可以进行在线活动识别。在本文中,我们提出了无监督活动识别框架 POLARIS。POLARIS 可以利用活动、上下文数据和传感器的语义识别复杂的 ADL。通过本体论推理,我们的算法推导出活动和传感器事件之间的语义相关性。通过将观察到的事件与语义相关性进行匹配,统计推理器可以制定关于发生的活动的初始假设。这些假设是通过概率推理改进的,利用从本体派生的语义约束。由于采用了新颖的分割算法,我们的系统支持在线识别。对真实世界数据集的大量实验表明,我们的无监督方法的准确性可与其中一种监督方法相媲美。此外,我们系统的在线版本实现了与离线版本基本相同的准确性。统计推理者对发生的活动提出初步假设。这些假设是通过概率推理改进的,利用从本体派生的语义约束。由于采用了新颖的分割算法,我们的系统支持在线识别。对真实世界数据集的大量实验表明,我们的无监督方法的准确性可与其中一种监督方法相媲美。此外,我们系统的在线版本实现了与离线版本基本相同的准确性。统计推理者对发生的活动提出初步假设。这些假设是通过概率推理改进的,利用从本体派生的语义约束。由于采用了新颖的分割算法,我们的系统支持在线识别。对真实世界数据集的大量实验表明,我们的无监督方法的准确性可与其中一种监督方法相媲美。此外,我们系统的在线版本实现了与离线版本基本相同的准确性。对真实世界数据集的大量实验表明,我们的无监督方法的准确性可与其中一种监督方法相媲美。此外,我们系统的在线版本实现了与离线版本基本相同的准确性。对真实世界数据集的大量实验表明,我们的无监督方法的准确性可与其中一种监督方法相媲美。此外,我们系统的在线版本实现了与离线版本基本相同的准确性。
更新日期:2021-01-01
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