OBJECTIVE Many intensive care unit (ICU) survivors suffer disabling long-term cognitive impairment (LTCI) after critical illness. We compared EEG characteristics during critical illness with patients' 1-year neuropsychological outcomes. METHODS We performed a post hoc analysis of patients in the BRAIN-ICU study who had undergone EEG for clinical purposes during admission (n = 10). All survivors underwent formal cognitive assessments at 12-month follow-up. We evaluated EEGs by conventional visual inspection and computed 10 quantitative features. We explored associations between EEG and patterns of LTCI using Wilcoxon rank-sum tests and Spearman's rank correlations. RESULTS Of 521 Vanderbilt patients enrolled in the parent study, 24 had EEG recordings during admission. Ten survivors had EEG tracings available and completed follow-up cognitive testing. All but one inpatient EEG showed generalized background slowing. All patients demonstrated cognitive impairment in at least one domain at follow-up. The most common deficits occurred in delayed memory (DM-median index 62) and visuospatial/constructional (VC-median index 69) domains. Relative alpha power correlated with VC score (ρ = 0.78, P = .008). Peak interhemispheric coherence correlated negatively with DM (ρ = -0.81, P = .018). CONCLUSIONS Quantitative EEG features during critical illness correlated with domain-specific cognitive performance in our small cohort of ICU survivors. Further study in larger prospective cohorts is required to determine whether these relationships hold. SIGNIFICANCE EEG may serve as a prognostic biomarker predicting patterns of long-term cognitive impairment.

中文翻译：

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危重病期间的定量脑电图与长期认知障碍的模式相关

目标 许多重症监护病房 (ICU) 幸存者在重病后遭受长期认知障碍 (LTCI) 致残。我们将危重病期间的脑电图特征与患者 1 年的神经心理学结果进行了比较。方法 我们对 BRAIN-ICU 研究中在入院期间出于临床目的接受 EEG 的患者（n = 10）进行了事后分析。在 12 个月的随访中，所有幸存者都接受了正式的认知评估。我们通过常规目视检查评估脑电图并计算出 10 个定量特征。我们使用 Wilcoxon 秩和检验和 Spearman 等级相关性探索了 EEG 与 LTCI 模式之间的关联。结果 在参加父母研究的 521 名范德比尔特患者中，24 名在入院期间进行了脑电图记录。十名幸存者有可用的脑电图追踪，并完成了后续认知测试。除一名住院患者脑电图外，所有患者均显示出广泛的背景减慢。所有患者在随访中都表现出至少一个领域的认知障碍。最常见的缺陷发生在延迟记忆（DM-中位指数 62）和视觉空间/结构（VC-中位指数 69）领域。相对 α 功率与 VC 评分相关（ρ = 0.78，P = .008）。半球间相干性峰值与 DM 呈负相关 (ρ = -0.81, P = .018)。结论 危重病期间的定量脑电图特征与我们的一小群 ICU 幸存者的特定领域认知表现相关。需要在更大的前瞻性队列中进一步研究以确定这些关系是否成立。