Background. This study is aimed at investigating the repairing effect of mesenchymal stem cells and their exosomes from different sources on ovarian granulosa cells damaged by chemotherapy drugs—phosphoramide mustard (PM). Methods. In this study, we choose bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and human placental mesenchymal stem cells (HPMSCs) for research. Then, they were cocultured with human ovarian granulosa cells (SVOG) injured by phosphoramide mustard (PM), respectively. β-Galactosidase staining, flow cytometry, and Western blot were used to detect the changes in the senescence and apoptosis of SVOG cells before and after their coculture with the above two types of MSCs. Subsequently, exosomes from these two types of MSCs were extracted and added to the culture medium of SVOG cells after PM injury to test whether these two types of exosomes played a role similar to that of MSCs in repairing damaged SVOG cells. Results. PM treatment-induced apoptotic SVOG cells were significantly decreased after HPMSCs and BMSCs as compared with control group. After coculturing with these two types of MSCs, PM-treated SVOG cells showed significantly reduced senescence and apoptosis proportions as well as cleaved-Caspase 3 expression, and HPMSCs played a slightly stronger role than BMSCs in repairing SVOG cells in terms of the above three indicators. In addition, the ratios of senescent and apoptotic SVOG cells were also significantly reduced by the two types of exosomes, which played a role similar to that of MSCs in repairing cell damages. Conclusions. The results indicated that BMSCs, HPMSCs, and their exosomes all exerted a certain repair effect on SVOG cells damaged by PM, and consistent repair effect was observed between exosomes and MSCs. The repair effect of exosomes secreted from BMSCs and HPMSCs on the SVOG cells was studied for the first time, and the results fully demonstrated that exosomes are the key carriers for MSCs to play their role.

中文翻译：

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人胎盘、骨髓间充质干细胞及其外泌体对受损 SVOG 卵巢颗粒细胞的类似修复作用

背景。本研究旨在探讨不同来源的间充质干细胞及其外泌体对化疗药物磷酰胺芥（PM）损伤的卵巢颗粒细胞的修复作用。方法。在本研究中，我们选择骨髓间充质干细胞（BMSCs）和人胎盘间充质干细胞（HPMSCs）进行研究。然后，将它们分别与被磷酰胺芥 (PM) 损伤的人卵巢颗粒细胞 (SVOG) 共培养。β-半乳糖苷酶染色、流式细胞仪和Western blot检测SVOG细胞与上述两种MSCs共培养前后的衰老和凋亡变化。随后，从这两种MSCs中提取外泌体，加入到PM损伤后的SVOG细胞培养基中，测试这两种外泌体在修复受损SVOG细胞方面是否发挥了与MSCs相似的作用。结果. 与对照组相比，HPMSCs 和 BMSCs 后 PM 处理诱导的凋亡 SVOG 细胞显着减少。与这两种MSCs共培养后，PM处理的SVOG细胞衰老和凋亡比例显着降低，cleaved-Caspase 3表达明显降低，HPMSCs在上述三项指标上对SVOG细胞的修复作用略强于BMSCs。 . 此外，这两种外泌体也显着降低了衰老和凋亡的SVOG细胞的比例，在修复细胞损伤方面发挥了与MSCs相似的作用。结论. 结果表明，BMSCs、HPMSCs及其外泌体均对PM损伤的SVOG细胞具有一定的修复作用，并且外泌体与MSCs之间的修复作用一致。首次研究了BMSCs和HPMSCs分泌的外泌体对SVOG细胞的修复作用，结果充分证明外泌体是MSCs发挥作用的关键载体。