Abstract. This paper presents the first simultaneous four radar frequency observations of the PMSE region under varying neutral air turbulence conditions. Radar frequencies of 8, 56, 224, and 930 MHz are used in this study. Three days of experimental observations associated with EISCAT are presented. Numerical simulations of mesospheric dusty/ice plasma associated with the observed radar frequencies are presented. The effect of neutral air turbulence on the generation and strength of plasma density perturbations associated with PMSE using four radar frequencies and in the presence of various dust parameters is investigated. Using the model it is shown that the well-known neutral air turbulence in presence of heavy dust particles, so-called fossil turbulence, can largely explain the observed radar cross-section at four radar frequencies. The effect of initial turbulence amplitude along with dust charging and diffusion in the presence of various dust parameters is investigated using the computational model. Specifically, the response of diffusion to charging time scales, plasma density fluctuation amplitude to the background dusty plasma parameters are discussed. Several key parameters in dusty plasma responsible for the PMSE observations are determined.

中文翻译：

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中层大气中性湍流及相关的极地中层夏季回波（PMSE）

摘要。本文介绍了在变化的中性空气湍流条件下对PMSE区域的首次同时四个雷达频率观测。在这项研究中使用8、56、224和930 MHz的雷达频率。介绍了与EISCAT相关的三天实验观察。提出了与观测到的雷达频率相关的中层尘埃/冰等离子体的数值模拟。研究了中性空气湍流对使用四个雷达频率并存在各种粉尘参数的与PMSE相关的等离子体密度扰动的产生和强度的影响。使用该模型表明，众所周知的存在大量尘埃颗粒的中性空气湍流，即所谓的化石湍流，可以在很大程度上解释在四个雷达频率下观测到的雷达横截面。使用计算模型研究了初始湍流振幅以及在各种粉尘参数存在下粉尘带电和扩散的影响。具体地，讨论了扩散对充电时间尺度的响应，等离子体密度波动幅度对背景尘土等离子体参数的响应。确定了粉尘等离子体中负责PMSE观测的几个关键参数。