Abstract

The present study has been designed to evaluate the phytochemical quality and quantity of the essential oil (EO) extracted from Cladanthus eriolepis originated in Southern Moroccan oases and to examine its antimicrobial potential by the use of poison-food (PF) and volatile activity (VA) tests against four bacterial and five fungal agricultural pathogens. The analysis of the EO showed that camphor was the predominant constituent (37.02 %), followed by sabinene (10.26 %), α-pinene (6.29 %), p-cymene (6.13 %) and α-cadinol (5.57 %). The antimicrobial activity of C. eriolepis oil in vapor and liquid phases on the tested bacterial and fungal strains showed that Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 was the most vulnerable, displaying the weakest development with a minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.156 mg mL^-1 and 0.078 mg mL^-1 respectively. Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. albedinis, Aspergillus brasiliensis, Rhizopus stolonifer, Penicillium expansum and Alternaria sp. were found to be susceptible to this EO, thus were partly repressed with 0.5 μL mL-1 of the liquid EO. Nevertheless, at the same concentration, mycelial growth of Rhizopus stolonifer and Alternaria sp. was completely inhibited by the vapor phase of the EO. The latter has a higher antifungal activity which can inhibit the growth of most tested fungi. This behavior of the vapor phase provides an interesting path forward for finding ways to apply this EO especially by fumigation in the control of post-harvest diseases.

摘要

本研究旨在评估源自摩洛哥绿洲的Cladanthus eriolepis的精油（EO）的植物化学质量和数量，并通过使用有毒食品（PF）和挥发性活性（VA）来检查其抗菌潜力。 ）针对四种细菌和五种真菌性农业病原体进行测试。对EO的分析表明，樟脑是主要成分（37.02％），其次是sa烯（10.26％），α- pine烯（6.29％），对-异丙基苯（6.13％）和α-cadinol（5.57％）。蜡毛油在气相和液相中对被测细菌和真菌菌株的抗菌活性表明金黄色葡萄球菌ATCC 6538是最脆弱的，显示最弱的发育，最小杀菌浓度（MBC）和最小抑制浓度（MIC）分别为0.156 mg mL ^-1和0.078 mg mL ^-1。尖孢镰刀菌f。sp。albedinis，巴西曲霉，stohlifer根霉，expenillium expansum和Alternaria sp。被发现对这种EO敏感，因此被0.5μLmL-1的液体EO部分抑制。然而，在相同浓度下，根霉和链格孢菌的菌丝生长sp。完全被EO的气相抑制。后者具有较高的抗真菌活性，可以抑制大多数测试真菌的生长。气相的这种行为为找到一种方法特别是通过熏蒸在收获后疾病的控制中应用这种EO提供了一条有趣的途径。