Abstract

This work consists of gathering the leaves of ten different South African plants from the local reserve. Black and green tea were sourced commercially. The plants were air dried and polar crude material extracted using deionized water. These crude phytochemicals were used as green chelators to remove metal ions from an aqueous solution. Iron(III), lead(II) and copper(II) ions were competitively removed from an eight metal ion solution with iron(III) being removed at more than 80% followed by lead(II) with greater than 40% removal and copper(II) with removal values of more than 20%. Metal ion removal was shown to be affected by change in pH of the solution, indicating that removal took place via the pH-swing mechanism. As the pH is increased, iron(III) is first removed followed by lead(II) and then copper(II). Iron(III) and lead(II) were selectively removed even at a 10-fold dilution level compared to the other metal ions present. Loading tests showed that iron(III) removal does not change, but for lead(II) and copper(II) there is a noticeable increase in removal with an increase in the amount of crude. The phytochemicals in the crude were identified using Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Some crudes had similar phytochemicals (quercetin) while others had unique compounds.

Statement of novelty It is the first time that crude polar phytochemicals from South African plants are used as green chelators. These green chelators selectively remove iron(III), lead(II) and copper(II) from a mix of eight different base metal ions. Iron(III) can be selectively removed at pH as low as 3.00 and, when iron(III) and lead(II) are 10 times more dilute compared to the other metal ions, iron(III) and lead(II) are still selectively removed. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is used to identify some of the phytochemicals present in these plants.

摘要

这项工作包括从当地保护区收集十种不同的南非植物的叶子。红茶和绿茶均购自商业。将植物风干，并用去离子水提取极性粗物质。这些粗制植物化学试剂用作绿色螯合剂，用于从水溶液中去除金属离子。从八种金属离子溶液中竞争性地去除了铁（III），铅（II）和铜（II）离子，其中铁（III）的去除率超过80％，其次是铅（II）的去除率超过40％，并且铜（II）去除值超过20％。已证明金属离子的去除受溶液pH值变化的影响，表明去除是通过pH波动机制进行的。随着pH值的升高，首先去除铁（III），然后去除铅（II），然后去除铜（II）。与存在的其他金属离子相比，即使以10倍的稀释水平也选择性地除去了铁（III）和铅（II）。负载测试表明，铁（III）的去除率没有变化，但是铅（II）和铜（II）的去除率随着原油含量的增加而显着增加。粗产物中的植物化学成分采用液相色谱-串联质谱（LC-MS / MS）进行鉴定。一些原油具有相似的植物化学物质（槲皮素），而其他则具有独特的化合物。粗产物中的植物化学成分采用液相色谱-串联质谱（LC-MS / MS）进行鉴定。一些原油具有相似的植物化学物质（槲皮素），而其他则具有独特的化合物。粗产物中的植物化学成分采用液相色谱-串联质谱（LC-MS / MS）进行鉴定。一些原油具有相似的植物化学物质（槲皮素），而其他则具有独特的化合物。

新颖性声明这是南非工厂首次将粗极性植物化学物质用作绿色螯合剂。这些绿色螯合剂可从八种不同的贱金属离子的混合物中选择性去除铁（III），铅（II）和铜（II）。可以在pH值低至3.00的条件下选择性除去铁（III），并且当铁（III）和铅（II）的稀释度是其他金属离子的10倍时，铁（III）和铅（II）仍然具有选择性删除。液相色谱-串联质谱法（LC-MS / MS）用于鉴定这些植物中存在的某些植物化学物质。