Diabetic patients develop ischemic heart disease and strokes more readily. Following an ischemic event, restoration of blood flow increases oxidative stress resulting in myocardial damage, termed ischemia/reperfusion injury. Aspalathus linearis (rooibos), rich in the antioxidant phenolic compound aspalathin, has been implicated as cardioprotective against ischemia/reperfusion injury with undefined mechanism in control rats. Primarily, the therapeutic potential of Afriplex green rooibos extract to prevent ischemia/reperfusion injury in cardiovascular disease-compromised rats was investigated. Additionally, Afriplex Green rooibos extract's cardioprotective signaling on metabolic markers and stress markers was determined using western blotting. Three hundred male Wistar rats received either 16-wk standard diet or high-caloric diet. During the final 6 wk, half received 60 mg/kg/day Afriplex green rooibos extract, containing 12.48% aspalathin. High-caloric diet increased body weight, body fat, fasting serum triglycerides, and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance - indicative of prediabetes. High-caloric diet rats had increased heart mass, infarct size, and decreased heart function. Afriplex green rooibos extract treatment for 6 wk lowered pre-ischemic heart rate, reduced infarct size, and improved heart function pre- and post-ischemia, without significantly affecting biometric parameters. Stabilized high-caloric diet hearts had decreased insulin independence via adenosine monophosphate activated kinase and increased inflammation (p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase), whereas Afriplex green rooibos extract treatment decreased insulin dependence (protein kinase B) and conferred anti-inflammatory effect. After 20 min ischemia, high-caloric diet hearts had upregulated ataxia-telangiectasia mutated kinase decreased insulin independence, and downregulated insulin dependence and glycogen synthase kinase 3 β inhibition. In contrast, Afriplex green rooibos extract supplementation downregulated insulin independence and inhibited extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2. During reperfusion, all protective signaling was decreased in high-caloric diet, while Afriplex green rooibos extract supplementation reduced oxidative stress (c-Jun N-terminal kinases 1 and 2) and inflammation. Taken together, Afriplex green rooibos extract supplementation for 6 wk preconditioned cardiovascular disease-compromised rat hearts against ischemia/reperfusion injury by lowering inflammation, oxidative stress, and heart rate.

中文翻译：

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绿色路易波士（Aspalathus linearis）提取物补充剂在离体缺血性糖尿病前期大鼠心脏中的心脏保护功能

糖尿病患者更容易患上缺血性心脏病和中风。缺血事件后，血流的恢复会增加氧化应激，导致心肌损伤，称为缺血/再灌注损伤。Aspalathus linearis (rooibos) 富含抗氧化酚类化合物 aspalathin，在对照大鼠中被认为具有抗缺血/再灌注损伤的心脏保护作用，但机制不明。首先，研究了 Afriplex 绿色路易波士提取物在预防心血管疾病受损大鼠缺血/再灌注损伤方面的治疗潜力。此外，Afriplex Green rooibos 提取物在代谢标志物和压力标志物上的心脏保护信号是使用蛋白质印迹确定的。三百只雄性 Wistar 大鼠接受 16 周标准饮食或高热量饮食。在最后 6 周，一半人接受了 60 毫克/公斤/天的 Afriplex 绿色路易波士提取物，其中含有 12.48% 的阿斯帕拉丁。高热量饮食会增加体重、体脂、空腹血清甘油三酯和胰岛素抵抗的稳态模型评估 - 预示糖尿病前期。高热量饮食大鼠心脏质量增加，梗塞面积增加，心脏功能下降。Afriplex green rooibos 提取物治疗 6 周降低了缺血前心率，减少了梗死面积，并改善了缺血前后的心脏功能，而没有显着影响生物特征参数。稳定的高热量饮食心脏通过一磷酸腺苷激活激酶和炎症增加（p38 丝裂原激活蛋白激酶）降低了胰岛素独立性，而 Afriplex green rooibos 提取物处理降低了胰岛素依赖性（蛋白激酶 B）并赋予抗炎作用。缺血 20 分钟后，高热量饮食心脏上调共济失调-毛细血管扩张突变激酶降低胰岛素独立性，并下调胰岛素依赖性和糖原合酶激酶 3 β 抑制。相比之下，Afriplex green rooibos 提取物的补充下调了胰岛素的独立性，并抑制了细胞外信号调节激酶 1 和 2。 -末端激酶 1 和 2) 和炎症。综合起来，