Although large‐scale center pivot sprinkler irrigation has replaced surface irrigation in many locations, the agricultural practice of growing crops in furrows remains common. Still, how the presence of elevated soil rows under sprinkler irrigation influences evaporation losses remains unclear, even while quantifying nonproductive water losses becomes increasingly important for informing new water conservation and irrigation strategies. In this study at the Hermiston Agricultural Research and Extension Center in Hermiston, OR, soil evaporation from the row and interrow positions within potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) fields of contrasting irrigation timing (daytime vs. nighttime) was estimated based on hydrogen and oxygen isotope ratios. Samples collected throughout the 2016 growing season were analyzed and used to calculate soil evaporation (E) losses relative to applied irrigation (I). On average, row positions were more enriched in heavy isotopes than interrow positions, indicating that the evaporated fraction of applied irrigation (E/I) depends on the position. Within the day‐irrigated field, the estimated (mean ± standard deviation) E/I ratios determined from both stable isotopes for May, July, and September were 18 ± 8%, 10 ± 3%, and 19 ± 5% for row and 15 ± 6%, 7 ± 2%, and 12 ± 4% for interrow samples. Within the night‐irrigated field during these same months, the E/I ratios were 13 ± 12%, 16 ± 7%, and 13 ± 5% for row and 12 ± 7%, 9 ± 2%, and 6 ± 2% for interrow samples, respectively. For these fields, these results reveal that there is more evaporation from row, as compared with interrow, positions. Therefore, management practices for water conservation should account for larger nonproductive evaporation from within rows in order to minimize evaporative losses.

中文翻译：

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犁地农田行间和行间土壤蒸发的差异

尽管在许多地方，大规模的中心枢纽喷灌已经取代了地面灌溉，但在犁沟种植农作物的农业实践仍然很普遍。但是，即使量化非生产性水的损失对于通知新的节水和灌溉策略也变得越来越重要，但在喷灌条件下高架土壤排的存在如何影响蒸发损失仍不清楚。在俄勒冈州赫米斯顿的赫米斯顿农业研究与推广中心的这项研究中，土壤从马铃薯（马铃薯）行和行间位置的蒸发根据氢气和氧气的同位素比率，估算了灌溉时间对比（白天与夜晚）的对比领域。分析了整个2016年生长季节收集的样品，并用于计算相对于应用灌溉的土壤蒸发量（E）损失（I）。平均而言，行位置比重排位置更富集重同位素，这表明所应用灌溉的蒸发分数（E / I）取决于位置。在日灌田中，估计的（平均值±标准偏差）E / I从五月，七月和九月的两种稳定同位素确定的比率分别为行的18±8％，10±3％和19±5％，行间样品的比率为15±6％，7±2％和12±4％ 。在同一个月的夜间灌溉田中，行的E / I比率分别为13±12％，16±7％和13±5％，行为12±7％，9±2％和6±2％分别用于行间样本。对于这些田地，这些结果表明，与行间位置相比，行间蒸发量更大。因此，节水管理实践应考虑行内较大的非生产性蒸发，以最大程度地减少蒸发损失。