Stripe or yellow rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis Westend. f. sp. tritici is a major threat to bread wheat production worldwide. The breakdown in resistance of certain major genes and newly emerging aggressive races of stripe rusts pose serious concerns in all main wheat growing areas of the world. To identify new sources of resistance and associated QTL for effective utilization in future breeding programs an association mapping (AM) panel comprising of 600 bread wheat landraces collected from eight different countries conserved at ICARDA gene bank were evaluated for seedling and adult plant resistance against the PstS2 and Warrior races of stripe rust at the Regional Cereal Rust Research Center (RCRRC), Izmir, Turkey during 2016, 2018 and 2019. A set of 25,169 informative SNP markers covering the whole genome were used to examine the population structure, linkage disequilibrium and marker‐trait associations in the AM panel. The genome‐wide association study (GWAS) was carried out using a Mixed Linear Model (MLM). We identified 47 SNP markers across 19 chromosomes with significant SNP‐trait associations for both seedling stage and adult plant resistance. The threshold of significance for all SNP‐trait associations was determined by the false discovery rate (q) ≤ 0.05. Three genomic regions (QYr.1D_APR, QYr.3A_seedling and QYr.7D_seedling) identified in this study do not correspond to previously reported Yr genes or QTL, suggesting new genomic regions for stripe rust resistance.

中文翻译：

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对 PstS2 抗性的全基因组关联研究和 Puccinia striiformis f. 战士种族的研究。sp。面包小麦地方品种中的小麦（条锈病）

条锈病或黄锈病，由Puccinia striiformis Westend 引起。F。sp。tritici是全球面包小麦生产的主要威胁。某些主要基因的抗性崩溃和新出现的条锈病侵袭性品种在世界所有主要小麦种植区都引起了严重关注。为了确定新的抗性来源和相关 QTL，以便在未来的育种计划中有效利用，对 ICARDA 基因库中保存的从八个不同国家收集的 600 个面包小麦地方品种组成的关联作图 (AM) 小组评估了幼苗和成年植物对PstS2的抗性和战士2016 年、2018 年和 2019 年期间，土耳其伊兹密尔地区谷物锈病研究中心 (RCRRC) 的条锈菌种属。一组涵盖全基因组的 25,169 个信息 SNP 标记用于检查种群结构、连锁不平衡和标记特征AM面板中的关联。全基因组关联研究（GWAS）使用混合线性模型（MLM）进行。我们在 19 条染色体上鉴定了 47 个 SNP 标记，这些标记与幼苗期和成年植物抗性的显着 SNP 性状关联。所有 SNP 性状关联的显着性阈值由错误发现率 (q) ≤ 0.05 确定。本研究中确定的三个基因组区域（QYr.1D_APR、QYr.3A_seedling和QYr.7D_seedling）与先前报道的不对应Yr基因或 QTL，表明抗条锈病的新基因组区域。