Abstract Plant-parasitic nematodes can manipulate their host-plant tissues to induce the neoformation of structures called “galls”. These structures confer protection for the nematode colonies against biotic and abiotic factors, as well as guarantee food supplies, while the feeding stimulus lasts. Ditylenchus gallaeformans induce galls on leaves of several Miconia species (Melastomataceae) of the Brazilian Cerrado. These galls were previously described as occurring on leaves and inflorescences of Miconia albicans and M. ibaguensis, with the outstanding feature of indeterminate growth conferred by the totipotent capacity of the nutritive cells. Currently, we describe the structural profile of the galls induced by D. gallaeformans on leaves of M. corallina and M. lacunosa and compared these galls to those induced on M. albicans and M. ibaguensis by cluster and principal component (PCA) analyses. As expected, the galls induced on the four Miconia species share similar anatomical features, including the indeterminate growth potential. Besides the commonalities between the four galls, the differences in indumentum and size were determined by gall induction sites and host plant potentialities. Also, other traits of each host plant species supported the separation between M. lacunosa in the PCA (PC1+PC2 = 84.5% of explained variance) and the clustering of the other three Miconia species, which looks like to coincide with the host plants phylogeny. The anatomical features of these galls also indicated adaptations to the maintenance of the homeostasis in the gall microenvironment and the protection against stressful conditions of the Brazilian Cerrado.

中文翻译：

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扩展对由 Ditylenchus gallaeformans (Nematoda) 对 Miconia (Melastomataceae) 宿主诱导的叶瘿的组织学模式的认识

摘要 植物寄生线虫可以操纵它们的寄主植物组织来诱导称为“瘿”的结构的新生。这些结构为线虫菌落提供保护，使其免受生物和非生物因素的影响，并保证食物供应，而摄食刺激持续。Ditylenchus gallaeformans 在巴西塞拉多的几种 Miconia 物种（Melastomataceae）的叶子上诱导瘿。这些瘿此前曾被描述为发生在 Miconia albicans 和 M. ibaguensis 的叶子和花序上，具有由营养细胞的全能能力赋予的不确定生长的突出特征。目前，我们描述了由 D. gallaeformans 在 M. corallina 和 M. lacunosa 的叶子上诱导的瘿的结构特征，并将这些瘿与在 M. albicans 和 M. lacunosa 上诱导的瘿进行了比较。ibaguensis 通过聚类和主成分 (PCA) 分析。正如预期的那样，在四种 Miconia 物种上诱发的瘿具有相似的解剖特征，包括不确定的生长潜力。除了四种虫瘿之间的共同点外，毛被和大小的差异还由瘿诱导位点和寄主植物潜力决定。此外，每个寄主植物物种的其他特征支持 PCA 中 M. lacunosa 之间的分离（PC1+PC2 = 解释方差的 84.5%）和其他三个 Miconia 物种的聚类，这看起来与寄主植物系统发育一致. 这些瘿的解剖学特征也表明它们适应了瘿微环境中体内平衡的维持和巴西塞拉多对压力条件的保护。