The modification of photonic nanoarchitectures occurring in butterfly wing scales with different nanostructures was investigated experimentally and by modeling. Single crystalline, polycrystalline, simple thin film, and pepper-pot-type photonic nanoarchitectures in the wing scales of different butterflies were investigated. By atomic layer deposition (ALD) (additive) the color of all nanoarchitectures was red shifted and by plasma etching (subtractive) the color of all nanoarchitectures was blue shifted in a controllable way. Langmuir-Blodgett multilayers of silica nanospheres were used as physical models. ALD produced color shifts similar to those for butterfly wings. In the case of a simple thin film, a theoretical calculation reproduced the spectral alterations well. For the more complex photonic nanoarchitectures, the general trends of the modifications were well reproduced by more sophisticated models, but differences in the magnitude of the alterations were found, attributed to the complex, random porous structures of the pepper-pot-type structures.

通过实验和建模研究了在具有不同纳米结构的蝴蝶翼鳞片中发生的光子纳米结构的修饰。研究了不同蝴蝶的翼尺度上的单晶，多晶，简单薄膜和辣椒锅式光子纳米结构。通过原子层沉积（ALD）（加法），所有纳米体系结构的颜色都发生了红移，而通过等离子蚀刻（减法），所有纳米体系结构的颜色均以可控的方式发生了蓝移。二氧化硅纳米球的Langmuir-Blodgett多层用作物理模型。ALD产生的色移类似于蝴蝶翅膀的色移。对于简单的薄膜，理论计算可以很好地再现光谱变化。对于更复杂的光子纳米结构，