A theoretical study is presented for the propagation of Dust Ion Acoustic Waves in an unmagnetized four-component plasma, consisting of Maxwellian negative ions, cold mobile positive ions, $\kappa$-distributed electrons and positively charged dust grains. Based on the characteristics of Sagdeev pseudopotential and phase portraits, three types of nonlinear waves are observed --- solitons, double layers and supersolitons. The conditions for the existence of such nonlinear waves are highly sensitive to the plasma parameters. The results obtained in this study may be of wide relevance in the field of space plasma as well as ultrasmall semiconductor devices in the laboratory.

中文翻译：

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未磁化 4 分量等离子体中的尘埃离子声波

对尘埃离子声波在未磁化的四组分等离子体中的传播进行了理论研究，该等离子体由麦克斯韦负离子、冷移动正离子、$\kappa$ 分布的电子和带正电荷的尘埃颗粒组成。根据Sagdeev赝势和相图的特征，观测到三种非线性波——孤子、双层和超孤子。这种非线性波的存在条件对等离子体参数高度敏感。本研究获得的结果可能对空间等离子体领域以及实验室中的超小型半导体器件具有广泛的相关性。