Background: In Saudi Arabia, the incidence and mortality rates of breast cancer are high. Although current treatments are effective, breast cancer cells develop resistance to these treatments. Numerous studies have demonstrated that active compounds in plant extracts, such as the phenolic compound Rosmarinic Acid (RA), exert anti-cancer effects.

Objective: We investigated the anticancer properties of methanolic crude extracts of seedlings and calli of Rosmarinus officinalis and Coleus hybridus, two Lamiaceae species.

Methods: MCF-7 human breast cancer cells were treated with methanolic crude extracts obtained from plant calli and seedlings generated in vitro, and cell proliferation was evaluated. Transcriptional profiling of the seedling and callus tissues was also conducted.

Results: The mRNA expression levels of RA genes were higher in C. hybridus seedlings than in R. officinalis seedlings, as well as in C. hybridus calli than in R. officinalis calli, except for TAT and C4H. In addition, seedling and callus extracts of both R. officinalis and C. hybridus showed anti-proliferative effects against MCF-7 cells after 24 or 48 h of treatment.

Discussion: At a low concentration of 10 μg/mL, C. hybridus calli and seedling extracts showed the most significant anti-proliferative effects after 24 and 48 h of exposure (p < 0.01); controls (doxorubicin) also showed significant inhibition, but lesser than that observed with C. hybridus (p < 0.05). Results with R. officinalis callus and seedling extracts did not significantly differ from those with untreated cells.

Conclusion: Methanolic extracts of R. officinalis and C. hybridus are potentially valuable options for breast cancer treatment.

背景：在沙特阿拉伯，乳腺癌的发病率和死亡率很高。尽管目前的治疗方法有效，但乳腺癌细胞对这些治疗方法产生了耐药性。大量研究表明，植物提取物中的活性化合物，例如酚类化合物迷迭香酸（RA），具有抗癌作用。

目的：我们研究了两种唇形科物种迷迭香和锦紫苏的幼苗和愈伤组织的甲醇粗提物的抗癌特性。

方法：用从植物愈伤组织和体外产生的幼苗中获得的甲醇粗提物处理MCF-7人乳腺癌细胞，并评估细胞增殖。还对幼苗和愈伤组织进行了转录谱分析。

结果：除TAT和C4H外，茶花幼苗中RA基因的mRNA表达量均高于茶花幼苗，茶花愈伤组织中的RA基因表达量高于茶花愈伤组织。此外，处理 24 或 48 小时后，R. officinalis 和 C. Hybridus 的幼苗和愈伤组织提取物对 MCF-7 细胞表现出抗增殖作用。

讨论：在10 μg/mL的低浓度下，杂种愈伤组织和幼苗提取物在暴露24和48小时后表现出最显着的抗增殖作用（p < 0.01）；对照（阿霉素）也显示出显着的抑制作用，但低于用 C.hybridus 观察到的抑制作用（p < 0.05）。药用植物愈伤组织和幼苗提取物的结果与未经处理的细胞的结果没有显着差异。

结论：R. officinalis 和 C. Hybridus 的甲醇提取物是乳腺癌治疗的潜在有价值的选择。