Decade‐long satellite sea surface slinity (SSS) observations show that rain dilution prevails in wakes of tropical depressions (∼−0.1 pss) and tropical storms (∼−0.05 pss) on the left (right) side of Northern (Southern) Hemisphere storms. For stronger storms, the rain‐induced dilution is dominated by the saltier water entrainment, leading to surface median salinification of 0.3 pss for the most intense storms, peaking on the right‐hand side at around twice the maximum wind radius. The magnitude of the salty wake increases for stronger slowly moving storms. The vertical salinity gradient in the upper ocean is a key factor explaining the geographic distribution of the SSS response. A striking example is the systematic mixing of fresh near‐surface river plume waters with saltier subsurface waters. It is also found that barrier layers lead to saltier and warmer storm wakes compared to wakes produced over barrier layer free areas.

中文翻译：

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卫星观测海面盐度对热带气旋的响应

十年来的卫星海面倾斜度（SSS）观测表明，在北半球（南半球）风暴的左侧（右侧）热带低气压（〜0.1 pss）和热带风暴（〜-0.05 pss）之后，雨水稀释普遍存在。对于更强的暴风雨，降雨引起的稀释作用主要是夹带咸水，导致最强暴风雨的表面中位盐化度为0.3 pss，在右侧达到峰值，约为最大风半径的两倍。咸尾流的强度会增加，以增强缓慢移动的风暴。上层海洋的垂直盐度梯度是解释SSS响应的地理分布的关键因素。一个明显的例子是新鲜的近地表河羽水与咸水下的水的系统混合。