1. Freshwater organisms inhabiting arid ecosystems are imperilled by human alterations to water‐limited landscapes. This is especially true among desert‐dwelling cyprinodontid fishes, 90% of which are imperilled by habitat destruction within limited or shrinking ranges. Constructing habitats that mimic natural habitat form and function may provide a tool for species conservation, especially within freshwater protected areas. However, pupfish population assessments within degraded compared with restored habitats are infrequent, and few comparisons among survey methods exist.
2. Density estimates were developed for Endangered Comanche Springs pupfish Cyprinodon elegans throughout altered and restored habitats in a freshwater protected area by using mark–recapture and N‐mixture models fitted to data collected using minnow trap and visual count survey methods. This allowed comparison of habitats, survey methods, and statistical methods commonly used to generate population size estimates for imperilled pupfish.
3. Population estimates varied across major habitat types and were largest among habitats constructed to mimic naturally occurring ciénegas. Estimates using visual counts were higher than estimates from minnow traps where water was deeper and where macroalgae cover was highest. N‐mixture models generally estimated higher abundances than mark–recapture and were not limited by recapture ability.
4. The results provide strong evidence that restored habitats house greater abundances of pupfish, but survey and statistical methods commonly used to detect these differences have trade‐offs in performance according to the habitats surveyed. This work benefits the field of conservation biology by providing guidance for existing and emerging monitoring programmes assessing abundance‐based fish responses to habitat improvements.

中文翻译：

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多种调查方法显示，在恢复的栖息地中，濒临灭绝的p鱼数量更多

1. 人类对水有限的景观的改造，使栖息在干旱生态系统中的淡水生物受到威胁。在沙漠中居住的鲤科鱼类尤其如此，其中90％的鱼类因在有限或不断缩小的范围内破坏栖息地而受到损害。建立模仿自然栖息地形式和功能的栖息地可能提供物种保护的工具，尤其是在淡水保护区内。但是，与恢复的栖息地相比，退化的within内部的种群评估很少，而且在调查方法之间几乎没有比较。
2. 通过使用标记捕获和N混合模型拟合淡水捕捞和视觉计数调查方法收集的数据，为淡水保护区中改变和恢复的生境中的 濒临灭绝的科曼奇斯普林线虫Cyprinodon elegans进行了密度估算。这样就可以比较栖息地，调查方法和统计方法，这些方法通常用于对imp鱼的种群规模进行估算。
3. 人口估计值在主要栖息地类型上各不相同，并且在模拟自然存在的烟气的栖息地中最大。使用视觉计数的估计值高于水更深且藻类覆盖率最高的min鱼陷阱的估计值。N混合模型通常估计的丰度高于标记捕获，并且不受捕获能力的限制。
4. 结果提供了有力的证据，表明恢复的栖息地中有更多的p，但是根据所调查的栖息地，通常用于检测这些差异的调查和统计方法会在性能上进行取舍。这项工作通过为现有和新兴的监测计划提供指导，以评估基于鱼类的鱼类对生境改善的反应，从而有益于保护生物学领域。