Interactions between diverse groups of organisms influence the functioning and diversity of ecosystems. Salient examples of such relationships are those among hypogeous fungi, trees and mycophagous mammals. To investigate the role of small mammals in transporting fungal spores within and outside forests as well as the influence of seasons, habitats and species on small mammal mycophagy, we set up a study in the Pieniny Mts, Western Carpathians (Southern Poland). The droppings of small mammals were collected during live trapping in July and September 2016 and 2017, to analyze richness, composition and frequency of fungal spores present in faeces. The yellow-necked mouse Apodemus flavicollis, the bank vole Myodes glareolus and the common vole Microtus arvalis were the most frequently trapped. Spores of 27 fungal taxa from 16 genera were retrieved from nearly 70% of faecal samples of rodents and shrews, with up to 9 spore taxa recorded per sample. Spore diversity in samples was higher in September than in July, although seasonal variation was year and animal dependent. The highest mean number of fungal taxa per sample was recorded for the bank vole and the yellow-necked mouse, with the former species showing a higher degree of mycophagy. The two rodents differed in the average frequencies of consumed fungi in samples, which could result from some degree of specialization in the choice of particular fungal species, as shown by the laboratory-based experiment. Within particular animal species, differences in the fungal diet were found between seasons. The spores of hypogeous fungi were transported from forests to meadows mostly by the yellow-necked mouse and, to a lesser extent, by the common vole. However, both, the diversity and the number of transported spores diminished with distance from the forest edge.

不同种类的生物之间的相互作用影响生态系统的功能和多样性。这种关系的显着例子是次生真菌，树木和噬菌体哺乳动物之间的关系。为了调查小型哺乳动物在森林内外运输真菌孢子的作用以及季节，生境和物种对小型哺乳动物自噬的影响，我们在西喀尔巴阡山脉的Pieniny山进行了一项研究（波兰南部）。在2016年7月，9月和2017年的活体诱捕期间收集了小型哺乳动物的粪便，以分析粪便中真菌孢子的丰富度，组成和发生频率。黄颈小鼠淡水姬鼠，岸田鼠Myodes glareolus和常见田鼠田鼠是最常被困的。从近70％的啮齿动物和sh粪便样本中检索到了16个属的27个真菌类群的孢子，每个样本最多记录了9个孢子类群。尽管季节性变化与年份和动物有关，但9月样品的孢子多样性高于7月。记录了田鼠和黄颈鼠的每个样品中真菌类群的最高平均数，前者显示出较高的自噬能力。两种啮齿动物在样品中消耗的真菌的平均频率不同，这可能是由于特定真菌种类的选择在某种程度上的专业化所致，如基于实验室的实验所示。在特定的动物物种中，发现不同季节之间的真菌饮食存在差异。次生真菌的孢子主要是由黄颈鼠从森林转移到草地，而在较小的程度上是由普通田鼠运输。但是，随着离森林边缘的距离的增加，运输的孢子的多样性和数量都减少了。