Mosquitoes are vectors of a large number of viral pathogens. In recent years, increased urbanization and climate change has expanded the range of many vector mosquitoes. The lack of effective medical interventions has made the control of mosquito-borne viral diseases very difficult. Understanding the interactions between the mosquito immune system and viruses is critical if we are to develop effective control strategies against these diseases. Mosquitoes harbor multiple conserved immune pathways that curb invading viral pathogens. Despite the conservation of these pathways, the activation and intensity of the mosquito immune response varies with the mosquito species, tissue, and the infecting virus. This article reviews major conserved antiviral immune pathways in vector mosquitoes, their interactions with invading viral pathogens, and how these interactions restrict or promote infection of these medically important viruses.

蚊子是大量病毒病原体的载体。近年来，城市化进程的加快和气候变化扩大了许多媒介蚊子的范围。由于缺乏有效的医疗干预措施，蚊媒病毒性疾病的控制非常困难。如果我们要制定针对这些疾病的有效控制策略，了解蚊子免疫系统与病毒之间的相互作用至关重要。蚊子拥有多种保守的免疫途径，可以抑制入侵的病毒病原体。尽管保留了这些途径，但蚊子免疫反应的激活和强度因蚊子种类、组织和感染病毒而异。本文回顾了媒介蚊子中主要的保守抗病毒免疫途径，它们与入侵病毒病原体的相互作用，