To take full advantage of the flexibility of access and disconnection from smart grid, organizing distributed renewable energy resources in form of microgrid becomes one solution of energy replenishment in smart grid. A large amount of accurate and comprehensive information data are needed to be monitored by a variety of different types of sensors to guarantee the effective operation of this kind of microgrid. Energy consumption of microgrid monitoring WSN consequently becomes an issue. This paper presents a novel lifetime prolongation algorithm based on cooperative coverage of different types of sensors. Firstly, according to the requirements of monitoring business, the construction of cooperative coverage sets and connected monitoring WSN are discussed. Secondly, energy consumption is analyzed based on cooperative coverage. Finally, the cooperative coverage-based lifetime prolongation algorithm (CC-LP) is proposed. Both the energy consumption balancing inside the cooperative coverage set and the switching scheduling between cooperative coverage sets are discussed. Then, we draw into an improved ant colony optimization algorithm to calculate the switching scheduling. Simulation results show that this novel algorithm can effectively prolong the lifetime of monitoring WSN, especially in the monitoring area with a large deployed density of different types of sensors.

为了充分利用智能电网接入和断开的灵活性，以微电网的形式组织分布式可再生能源成为智能电网能源补充的一种解决方案。需要通过各种不同类型的传感器来监视大量准确而全面的信息数据，以确保此类微电网的有效运行。因此，微电网监控WSN的能耗成为一个问题。本文提出了一种基于不同类型传感器的协作覆盖范围的新型寿命延长算法。首先，根据监控业务的需求，讨论了协作覆盖集和连接监控WSN的构建。其次，基于合作覆盖范围分析能耗。最后，提出了基于合作覆盖的生命周期延长算法（CC-LP）。讨论了协作覆盖集内部的能耗平衡以及协作覆盖集之间的切换调度。然后，我们引入一种改进的蚁群优化算法来计算切换调度。仿真结果表明，该算法可以有效延长无线传感器网络的寿命，特别是在不同类型传感器部署密度较大的监测区域。我们引入一种改进的蚁群优化算法来计算切换调度。仿真结果表明，该算法可以有效延长无线传感器网络的寿命，尤其是在不同类型传感器部署密度较大的监测区域。我们引入一种改进的蚁群优化算法来计算切换调度。仿真结果表明，该算法可以有效延长无线传感器网络的寿命，尤其是在不同类型传感器部署密度较大的监测区域。