This paper reports a study that investigated the role of prior native or first language (L1) phonological and phonetic learning on the integration of vowel quality features in the production of second language (L2) vowels by examining adult L2 Korean learners’ production of Vietnamese monophthong vowels in an imitation and a read aloud tasks. Three groups of participants took part in the study (11 control Vietnamese, 11 Korean learners of Vietnamese, and 10 control Korean). The stimuli consisted of 9 Vietnamese monophthongs /i, e, ɛ, a, ɔ, o, u, ɤ, ɯ/ and 8 Standard Korean vowels / i, ɛ, e, a, o, u, ʌ, ɨ /. The results showed that Vietnamese vowels /ɛ/ and /e/ produced by Korean learners merged in vowel space, proving how a phonemic merger in L1 can influence speakers’ perception and production of non-native vowels. Moreover, the three Vietnamese vowels /ɔ/, /o/ and/ ɤ/ produced by Korean learners in both tasks tend to cluster together. In general, the findings of this study showed that Korean learners transfer their L1 vowel quality features into the production of Vietnamese vowels.

中文翻译：

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成年L2韩国学习者制作的越南单音元音的L1韩国人声转换

本文报告了一项研究，通过研究成年L2韩国学习者生产的越南单音，调查了先前的母语或第一语言（L1）语音和语音学习在第二语言（L2）元音生成中元音质量特征整合中的作用。元音在模仿和朗读任务中。三组参与者参加了该研究（11名对照越南人，11名韩语越南人学习者和10名对照韩国人）。刺激包括9个越南单音/ i，e，ɛ，a，ɔ，o，u，ɤ，ɯ/和8个标准韩国元音/ i，,, e，a，o，u，ʌ，ɨ/。结果表明，韩国学习者制作的越南元音/ɛ/和/ e /在元音空间中合并，证明了L1中的音位合并如何影响说话者对非本地元音的感知和产生。此外，在这两个任务中，韩国学习者制作的三个越南元音/ɔ/，/ o /和/ɤ/往往会聚在一起。总的来说，这项研究的结果表明，韩国学习者将其L1元音的质量特征转移到了越南元音的生产中。