Objectives
Life History (LH) Theory explains how organisms allocate energy among the competing demands of growth and maintenance (i.e., investment in future reproduction), mating effort, and parenting effort. LH profile is thought to be influenced by cues of extrinsic mortality and morbidity. Human LH strategies have been conceptualized on a fast-slow continuum and have been measured via biometric indicators (e.g., developmental timing) and psychometric indictors (e.g., personality traits). We aim to preliminarily develop and test an integrated model in which childhood environments are hypothesized to influence variation in psychometric LH profile in adulthood via effects on earlier biometric developmental LH indicators.

Methods
We tested, in a sample of 370 U.S. undergraduates, a model in which associations of early life adversity on psychometrically assessed LH profile are mediated by biometrically assessed LH indicators (e.g., developmental timing; somatic state).

Results
The complete model was not supported. Several direct and indirect paths were consistent with theory-driven predictions, but other findings were inconsistent with LH-based hypotheses. Best fitting models differed by sex, such that an association existed between males’ psychometric LH profile and neighborhood stress, father closeness, and somatic state (telomere length), whereas an association existed between females’ developmental timing with adult LH profile and father closeness.

Conclusions
While there was limited support for the complete multivariate model, we conclude that an integrative approach to the assessment and modeling of LH variation holds substantial promise for future research.



中文翻译：

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严酷的儿童环境中的性别特定关联以及通过心理方法评估的生活史资料：没有通过发展时机或具体资本进行调解的证据

目标
生命史（LH）理论解释了生物如何在生长和维持（即对未来生殖的投资），交配努力和育儿努力的竞争需求之间分配能量。LH轮廓被认为受外部死亡率和发病率提示的影响。人类LH策略已被概念化为一个快慢的连续体，并已通过生物指标（例如发育时机）和心理指标（例如人格特质）进行了测量。我们的目标是初步开发和测试一个综合模型，在该模型中，假设儿童时期的环境会通过影响早期的生物统计发展性LH指标来影响成年后心理LH分布的变化。

方法
我们在370名美国大学生样本中测试了一种模型，在该模型中，通过生物统计学评估的LH指标（例如，发育时机，躯体状态）介导了早期逆境与心理评估LH概况的关联。

结果
不支持完整的模型。一些直接和间接的路径与理论驱动的预测一致，但其他发现与基于LH的假设不一致。最佳拟合模型因性别而异，因此，男性的心理测力LH分布与邻里压力，父亲亲密关系和躯体状态（端粒长度）之间存在关联，而女性的发育时机与成年的LH分布与父亲亲密关系之间存在关联。

结论
尽管对完整的多元模型的支持有限，但我们得出结论，对LH变化进行评估和建模的综合方法为未来的研究提供了广阔的前景。