Freezers with biospecimen deposits became biobanks and later were networked at the pan-European level in 2013 under the Biobanking and BioMolecular Resources Research Infrastructure—European Research Infrastructure Consortium (BBMRI-ERIC). Drawing on document analysis about the BBMRI-ERIC and multi-sited fieldwork with biobankers in Spain from a science and technology studies approach, we explore what biobanks are expected to do and become under the BBMRI-ERIC framework, and how infrastructural transitions promote particular transformations in biobanking practices. The primary purpose of biobanks in Europe is presented as being to become mediators in contemporary biomedical research (global sharing nodes) distribution, and distributed nodes of samples and their associated data. We argue that infrastructural transitions are complicated and heterogeneous, giving rise to unattended local concerns on adjusting their practices to fit into the BBMRI-ERIC framework, even for non-members, as the case of Spain illustrates, where “old practices” of collection and storage are questioned. In this article, we aim to encourage qualitative studies to explore the lags between pan-European policies and prospects, different contextual interpretations, and biobanking reconfigurations as an opportunity to explore what that lag is made of (e.g. tensions with “old practices,” unresolved conflicts with the national agendas, reservations on a possible centralization of the biobanking practices by regional biobanks, lack of funding, etc.). Such research could enrich not only policy guidance, but also the understanding of technoscientific infrastructures’ scalability.

存放生物样本的冰箱成为生物样本库，并于 2013 年在生物样本库和生物分子资源研究基础设施 - 欧洲研究基础设施联盟 (BBMRI-ERIC) 下在泛欧洲层面联网。基于科学技术研究方法对 BBMRI-ERIC 的文件分析以及与西班牙生物银行家的多地点实地考察，我们探讨了生物银行在 BBMRI-ERIC 框架下的预期用途和发展方向，以及基础设施转型如何促进特定转型在生物样本库实践中。欧洲生物样本库的主要目的是成为当代生物医学研究（全球共享节点）分布的中介，以及样本及其相关数据的分布式节点。我们认为，基础设施转型是复杂且异质的，导致当地人对调整其实践以适应 BBMRI-ERIC 框架的无人关注的担忧，即使对于非成员而言也是如此，正如西班牙的情况所表明的那样，西班牙的情况表明，收集和收集数据的“旧做法”存储受到质疑。在本文中，我们旨在鼓励定性研究来探索泛欧政策和前景、不同背景解释和生物样本库重新配置之间的滞后，以此为契机来探索这种滞后的原因（例如与“旧做法”的紧张关系、未解决的问题）与国家议程冲突、对区域生物样本库可能集中生物样本库做法的保留、缺乏资金等）。此类研究不仅可以丰富政策指导，还可以丰富对技术科学基础设施可扩展性的理解。