Although hydraulic fracturing is not a new technology, it has not yet been implemented in the United Arab Emirates. Abu Dhabi National Oil Company (ADNOC), the regional producer in United Arab Emirates, has set out to initiate the utilization of this treatment during year 2019. In this work, a systematic design procedure for hydraulic fracturing in tight petroleum-bearing reservoirs is proposed. The design caters for surface and subsurface flow parameters, and it is hoped to provide basic guidelines for ADNOC in this respect. The proposed design process incorporates both unified fracture design (UFD) methodology and the fracture geometry (PKN) model. Excel spreadsheets were developed and utilized to run sensitivity analysis for optimal performance and predict long-term production profiles before and after fracturing. The excel spreadsheets made are flexible in use, in the sense that they resolve issues with infinite/finite fractures, high/low surface injection rate as well as investigate for non-Darcy flow effects. Reliable published data were used to perform the necessary calculations. The results of the performance calculations have shown that it is possible to access commercial quantities of hydrocarbons from a tight reservoir. In addition, improved productivity by 15-folds and increased gas recovery of 1.02 MMMscf over the first 8 years of production can be achieved by proper hydraulic fracturing design and implementation in tight gas reservoirs. The results of calculations of non-Darcy effect revealed a threshold velocity of approximately 0.2 fps above which these effects could become significant in predicting the overall flow efficiency inside the fracture. To the authors’ knowledge, the literature has not fully addressed the hydraulic fracturing design analytically, and the methodology proposed in this work provides a complete design package which incorporates the UFD concept, the PKN model, the non-Darcy model, and long-term prediction of post-fracturing production performance, and applying the proposed approach in a case study.

中文翻译：

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致密含烃油藏水力压裂的综合优化设计

尽管水力压裂不是一项新技术，但尚未在阿拉伯联合酋长国实施。阿拉伯联合酋长国的区域石油生产商阿布扎比国家石油公司（ADNOC）已着手在2019年开始采用这种处理方法。在这项工作中，提出了一种系统的设计程序，用于在致密的含油储层中进行水力压裂。 。该设计可满足地表和地下流量参数的要求，并希望在这方面为ADNOC提供基本指导。拟议的设计过程结合了统一的裂缝设计（UFD）方法和裂缝几何形状（PKN）模型。开发了Excel电子表格，并用于进行敏感性分析以获得最佳性能，并预测压裂前后的长期产量。制成的excel电子表格使用灵活，可以解决无限/有限裂缝，高/低表面注入率以及研究非达西流动效应的问题。可靠的发布数据用于执行必要的计算。性能计算的结果表明，可以从致密油藏中获取商业数量的碳氢化合物。此外，通过在致密气藏中进行适当的水力压裂设计和实施，可以在生产的前8年中将生产率提高15倍，并将天然气采收率提高1.02 MMMscf。非达西效应的计算结果表明，阈值速度约为0。2 fps时，在预测裂缝内部的总体流动效率时，这些影响可能会变得非常重要。据作者所知，文献还没有完整地分析水力压裂设计，并且本文中提出的方法论提供了一个完整的设计包，其中包含了UFD概念，PKN模型，非达西模型和长期模型。预测压裂后的生产表现，并在案例研究中应用建议的方法。