Empirical support for procedural justice theory in criminology is robust in the developed Western countries, whereas the results are mixed for non-Western or less-developed countries. Some scholars (e.g., Reisig et al. Journal of Criminal Justice and Security, 14(2), 147–164, 2012) argue that the generalizability of procedural justice theory may be limited to particular sociological settings, such as democratic and industrialized societies. The current study aims to review the international generalizability of the theory and to test the theory utilizing a South Korean driver sample. The results show that procedural fairness predicted legitimacy and speeding intention. However, perceived legitimacy does not mediate the association between perceived procedural fairness and speeding intention for Korean drivers. Considering the findings from the current study and previous studies, it seems that industrialization may not be a sufficient condition linking perceived legitimacy and compliance, but democracy may be the most significant precursor for the theory to work.

中文翻译：

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警察合法性的普遍性：韩国司机的程序正义、合法性和超速意图

犯罪学中程序正义理论的实证支持在西方发达国家是强有力的，而非西方或欠发达国家的结果则喜忧参半。一些学者（例如，Reisig 等人，刑事司法与安全杂志，14(2), 147–164, 2012）认为程序正义理论的普遍性可能仅限于特定的社会背景，例如民主和工业化社会。目前的研究旨在回顾该理论的国际普遍性，并利用韩国司机样本测试该理论。结果表明，程序公平可以预测合法性和超速意图。然而，感知的合法性并不能调节韩国司机感知的程序公平性和超速意图之间的关联。