Challenges to sustainable agriculture are increasing with forecasts for greater climate variability, including rising temperatures, extreme precipitation events, and prolonged droughts. One important factor that contributes to the increasing climate variability is greenhouse gas emissions, including from agro-ecosystems. The US Environment Protection Agency indicates soil management and enteric fermentation from livestock contribute ~ 80% of total greenhouse gas from agriculture sector. Management practices conducive to greenhouse gas emissions, and possible mitigation strategies for the agricultural systems of Southern Great Plains, an integral part of the US beef industry, have not been thoroughly defined. The objective of this paper is to review and synthesize the literature regarding management practices conducive to emissions [carbon dioxide (CO₂), nitrous oxide (N₂O), and methane (CH₄)] from croplands and grazing lands of Southern Great Plains, and potential strategies that may aid in greenhouse gas mitigation in the region. The results from different published studies evaluating such strategies were analyzed to determine whether these practices have potential in mitigating greenhouse gas emissions from agronomic and grazing lands. Based on the analysis, it can be recommended that increasing the amount of cropland managed by conservation tillage, fertilizer management, crop rotation systems, grazing management, and fertilizer amendments can be potential management strategies for greenhouse gas mitigation. As agro-ecosystems are very complex and reducing emissions using strategies in one sector may stimulate higher emissions in other sectors, these strategies require testing at the systems-level before they can be implemented to advise applied policies for the Southern Great Plains region.

中文翻译：

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美国南部大平原农学和牧场的温室效应缓解策略

随着对气候变化性的更大预测，包括温度升高，极端降水事件和长期干旱，对可持续农业的挑战越来越大。导致气候多变性增加的一个重要因素是温室气体的排放，包括农业生态系统的排放。美国环境保护署指出，土壤管理和牲畜的肠道发酵约占农业部门温室气体总量的80％。尚未明确定义有益于温室气体排放的管理措施以及对美国大牛肉产业不可或缺的南部大平原农业系统的可能缓解策略。₂），一氧化二氮（N ₂ O）和甲烷（CH ₄）]从大平原南部的农田和牧场开始，以及可能有助于缓解该地区温室气体排放的潜在策略。分析了不同发表的评估此类策略的研究的结果，以确定这些实践是否具有缓解农艺和牧场土地温室气体排放的潜力。根据分析，建议通过保护性耕作，肥料管理，作物轮作系统，放牧管理和化肥改良来增加耕地数量，可以成为缓解温室气体的潜在管理策略。由于农业生态系统非常复杂，并且在一个部门使用策略减少排放可能会刺激其他部门的排放，