Middle Egypt provides a unique insight into the organization of power, politics, economy, and culture at the turn of the third millennium BC. The apparently easy integration of this region into the reunified monarchy of king Mentuhotep II (2055–2004 BC) was possible because the interests and the local lineages of potentates were preserved. Trade and access and/or control of international exchange networks were important sources of wealth and power then. And Middle Egypt appears as a crossroads of diverse populations, as a hub of political and economic power, as a crucial node of exchanges through the Nile Valley, and as a power center whose rulers provided support to the monarchy in exchange of local autonomy and considerable political influence at the Court. In the new conditions of early second millennium, potentates from Middle Egypt succeeded in occupying a unique advantageous position, not matched elsewhere in Egypt, because of the concentration of wealth, trade routes, new technologies, political power, and autonomy in the territories they ruled.

中文翻译：

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古埃及的贸易与权力：公元前三世纪末/二世纪初的埃及中部

在公元前第三个千年之交，中埃及为权力，政治，经济和文化的组织提供了独特的见识。该地区似乎很容易整合到门图霍特普二世国王（2055年至2004年）的统一君主制中，因为维护了有权者的利益和地方血统。那时，贸易，国际交流网络的访问和/或控制是财富和权力的重要来源。中古埃及似乎是人口众多的十字路口，是政治和经济力量的枢纽，是尼罗河谷交往的重要节点，是一个权力中心，其统治者为君主制提供了支持，以交换地方自治权和相当大的权力。在法院的政治影响力。在第二个千年初的新条件下，