The global emphasis on stakeholder engagement in protected area management has increased over the last three decades. Here we present key values of statutory and non-statutory stakeholder groups as they relate to their relationship with the former Te Urewera National Park (NP), New Zealand, which is now recognised as “a legal entity” with “all the rights, powers, duties, and liabilities of a legal person.” Non-statutory stakeholders conveyed a close, personal connection to Te Urewera NP in terms of heritage and legacy, which include both consumptive (e.g., hunting; fishing) and non-consumptive use (e.g., sight-seeing, hiking, boating). In contrast, statutory stakeholders expressed a more distant and procedural relationship with the park. Both stakeholder groups perceived the possible transfer of ownership or governance of Te Urewera NP to Tūhoe (the Indigenous Māori peoples of the Te Urewera region) favourably and expressed a desire to be engaged in the future stewardship of the NP. Stakeholders considered the fostering of relations with Tūhoe and other stakeholder groups as important to nurturing and maintaining their links with the area in future. Importantly, common interests that emerge from these relationships can increase mutual understanding between cultures and willingness to collaborate. Moreover, we posit that the legal personhood status for protected areas will be a powerful tool for reconciling pluralistic values and enable deliberative processes and flexible modes of collaboration between Indigenous peoples and non-indigenous stakeholders.

中文翻译：

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利益相关者价值观为原住民对新西兰前国家公园的治理和管理提供信息

在过去的三年中，全球对利益相关者参与保护区管理的重视程度有所增加。在这里，我们展示了法定和非法定利益相关者群体的关键价值，因为它们与新西兰前 Te Urewera 国家公园 (NP) 的关系有关，现在被公认为具有“所有权利、权力的法人实体” 、法人的义务和责任。” 非法定利益相关者在遗产和遗产方面传达了与 Te Urewera NP 密切的个人联系，其中包括消费性（例如狩猎、钓鱼）和非消费性用途（例如观光、远足、划船）。相比之下，法定利益相关者表达了与公园更疏远和程序性的关系。两个利益相关者团体都认为 Te Urewera NP 的所有权或治理可能转移给 Tūhoe（Te Urewera 地区的土著毛利人），并表示希望参与 NP 的未来管理。利益相关者认为培养与 Tūhoe 和其他利益相关者团体的关系对于培养和维持他们未来与该地区的联系很重要。重要的是，从这些关系中产生的共同利益可以增加文化之间的相互理解和合作意愿。此外，我们认为保护区的法人地位将成为调和多元价值观的有力工具，并促进土著人民与非土著利益相关者之间的审议过程和灵活的合作模式。