Vitiligo, the most common depigmenting disorder of the skin, is undergoing a period of intense advances in both disease understanding and therapeutic possibilities leading the way to the beginning of a new era for the disorder. Its pathophysiology has gathered the attention of researchers for years, and many advances have been made in the clarification of the interaction between different factors that result in depigmented macule formation. The complex interplay between non‐immunological and immunological factors in vitiligo is key for the development of the disease, and the participation of cells other than melanocytes, such as keratinocytes, fibroblasts, natural killer cells, and innate lymphoid cells, has been shown. Recent advances have also brought to the understanding of the complex part played by a specific subtype of T cells: T‐resident memory cells. This review analyzes some of the most recent insights in vitiligo pathogenesis underlining the interactions between different cell types, which are the basis for the therapeutic approaches under development.

中文翻译：

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白癜风发病机制的最新进展

白癜风是最常见的皮肤色素脱失疾病，在疾病认识和治疗可能性方面正在经历一段激烈的进步，从而开启了该疾病新时代的开始。其病理生理学多年来一直受到研究人员的关注，并且在阐明导致脱色斑形成的不同因素之间的相互作用方面取得了许多进展。白斑病的非免疫学和免疫学因素之间复杂的相互作用是该疾病发展的关键，已经显示出黑素细胞以外的细胞，如角质形成细胞、成纤维细胞、自然杀伤细胞和先天淋巴细胞的参与。最近的进展也让人们了解了特定亚型 T 细胞所起的复杂作用：T 驻留记忆细胞。本综述分析了白癜风发病机制的一些最新见解，强调了不同细胞类型之间的相互作用，这是正在开发的治疗方法的基础。