Carbofuran is a carbamate pesticide, widely used in agricultural practices to increase crop productivity. In mammals, carbofuran is known to cause several untoward effects, such as apoptosis in the hippocampal neuron, oxidative stress, loss of memory and chromosomal anomalies. Most of these effects are implicated with cellular senescence. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the effect of carbofuran on cellular senescence and biological ageing. Spinster homolog 1 (Spns1) is a transmembrane transporter, regulates autolysosomal biogenesis and plays a role in cellular senescence and survival. Using senescence‐associated β‐galactosidase staining, we found that carbofuran accelerates the cellular senescence in spns1 mutant zebrafish. The yolk opaqueness, a premature ageing phenotype in zebrafish embryos, was accelerated by carbofuran treatment. In the survival study, carbofuran shortened the life span of spns1 mutant zebrafish. Autophagy is the cellular lysosomal degradation, usually up‐regulated in the senescent cells. To know the impact of carbofuran exposure on autophagy progress, we established a double‐transgenic zebrafish line, harbouring EGFP‐tagged LC3‐II and mCherry‐tagged Lamp1 on spns1 mutant background, whereas we found, carbofuran exposure synergistically accelerates autolysosome formation with insufficient lysosome‐mediated degradation. Our data collectively suggest that carbofuran exposure synergistically accelerates the cellular senescence and affects biological ageing in spns1 defective animals.

中文翻译：

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呋喃丹加速细胞衰老并降低 spns1 突变斑马鱼的寿命

呋喃丹是一种氨基甲酸酯类杀虫剂，广泛用于农业实践以提高作物产量。在哺乳动物中，克百威会引起一些不良影响，例如海马神经元的凋亡、氧化应激、记忆丧失和染色体异常。大多数这些影响与细胞衰老有关。因此，本研究旨在确定克百威对细胞衰老和生物衰老的影响。Spinster 同源物 1 (Spns1) 是一种跨膜转运蛋白，可调节自溶酶体生物发生，并在细胞衰老和存活中发挥作用。使用衰老相关的β-半乳糖苷酶染色，我们发现克百威加速了spns1中的细胞衰老突变斑马鱼。卡巴呋喃处理加速了斑马鱼胚胎中的蛋黄不透明性，这是一种过早衰老的表型。在生存研究中，克百威缩短了spns1突变斑马鱼的寿命。自噬是细胞溶酶体降解，通常在衰老细胞中上调。为了了解克百威暴露对自噬进程的影响，我们建立了双转基因斑马鱼系，在spns1突变体背景上含有 EGFP 标记的 LC3-II 和 mCherry 标记的 Lamp1，而我们发现，克百威暴露协同加速自溶酶体形成而溶酶体不足介导的降解。我们的数据共同表明，克百威暴露协同加速细胞衰老并影响生物衰老spns1有缺陷的动物。