Abstract The radiative forcing caused by aerosol-cloud interaction (ACI) is one of the most critical factors that lead to climate research uncertainty. In East China and the adjacent sea areas, the severe air pollution makes the ACI effect stronger than in other regions, but few observational studies focus on the effect of different aerosol components. This study estimated the shortwave radiation effect at the top of the atmosphere (TOA) caused by the interaction between the increased aerosol and the warm liquid cloud in East China and the East China Sea by applying the multiple linear regression into two ACI effect calculating methods proposed by Quaas et al. (2008; Method 1) and Chen et al. (2014; Method 2). Four aerosol components, black carbon (BC), dust (DU), organic carbon (OC), and sulfate (SU), are included in this research. The total ACI radiation effect of the four aerosol components is −12.08 ± 4.63 W m-2 in Method 1 and − 9.25 ± 10.44 W m-2 in Method 2, respectively, indicating a cooling effect to the planet. The divergence in the two methods is probably because the higher aerosol loading increases the cloud property retrieval deviation. The effect of different aerosol components has significant diversity, with OC and SU have a cooling effect, DU has a heating effect, and BC shows an obvious geographical distinction. Further analysis suggests that under a similar aerosol optical depth (AOD), the areas with high relative humidity (RH) and low-tropospheric stability (LTS) have a more significant cooling effect due to the suppression of droplet evaporation and entrainment. Regions with higher average cloud top height also have a stronger cooling effect, especially for BC and SU. The possible reason is that high cloud altitude reduces the aerosol concentration within the cloud, further alleviates the heating effect of absorbing aerosols, and reduces the cloud droplet evaporation caused by the over much cloud condensation nuclei. This research contributes to a better understanding of the aerosol-cloud radiative effect and its mechanism in East China and the East China Sea.

中文翻译：

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严重污染的东海和东海气溶胶-云相互作用的辐射强迫

摘要 气溶胶-云相互作用（ACI）引起的辐射强迫是导致气候研究不确定性的最关键因素之一。在华东及邻近海域，严重的空气污染使得ACI效应强于其他地区，但很少有观测研究关注不同气溶胶成分的影响。本研究通过将多元线性回归应用于提出的两种 ACI 效应计算方法，估算了东海和东海气溶胶增加与暖液云相互作用引起的大气顶部短波辐射效应（TOA）。由 Quaas 等人撰写。（2008 年；方法 1）和 Chen 等人。（2014 年；方法 2）。本研究包括四种气溶胶成分，即黑碳 (BC)、灰尘 (DU)、有机碳 (OC) 和硫酸盐 (SU)。四种气溶胶成分的总 ACI 辐射效应在方法 1 中分别为 -12.08 ± 4.63 W m-2，在方法 2 中分别为 - 9.25 ± 10.44 W m-2，表明对地球有冷却效应。两种方法的分歧可能是因为较高的气溶胶载荷增加了云属性反演的偏差。不同气溶胶成分的作用具有显着的多样性，其中OC和SU有降温作用，DU有加热作用，BC表现出明显的地域差异。进一步分析表明，在相似的气溶胶光学深度（AOD）下，相对湿度（RH）高、对流层稳定性（LTS）低的区域由于抑制了液滴蒸发和夹带，冷却效果更显着。平均云顶高度较高的地区也有较强的降温作用，特别是对于 BC 和 SU。可能的原因是高云高度降低了云内气溶胶浓度，进一步减轻了吸收气溶胶的加热效应，减少了过多的云凝结核引起的云滴蒸发。该研究有助于更好地了解东、东海气溶胶-云辐射效应及其机制。