Recent research show that the cosmological components of the Universe should influence on the propagation of Gravitational Waves (GWs) and even it has been proposed a new way to measure the cosmological constant using Pulsar Timing Arrays (PTAs). However, these results have considered very particular cases (e.g. a de Sitter Universe or a mixing with non-relativistic matter). In this work we propose an extension of these results, using the Hubble constant as the natural parameter that includes all the cosmological information and studying its effect on the propagation of GWs. Using linearized gravity we considered a mixture of perfect fluids permeating the spacetime and studied the propagation of GWs within the context of the LCDM model. We found from numerical simulations that the timing residual of local pulsars should present a distinguishable peak depending on the local value of the Hubble constant. As a consequence, when assuming the standard LCDM model, our result predicts that the region of maximum timing residual is determined by the redshift of the source. This framework represents a new test for the standard cosmological model, and it can be used to facilitate the measurements of gravitational wave by ongoing PTAs projects.

中文翻译：

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标准宇宙学在未来低频引力波观测中的重要足迹

最近的研究表明，宇宙的宇宙学成分应该会影响引力波 (GW) 的传播，甚至有人提出了一种使用脉冲星定时阵列 (PTA) 测量宇宙学常数的新方法。然而，这些结果考虑了非常特殊的情况（例如德西特宇宙或与非相对论物质的混合）。在这项工作中，我们提出了这些结果的扩展，使用哈勃常数作为自然参数，包括所有宇宙学信息并研究其对 GW 传播的影响。使用线性化重力，我们考虑了渗透时空的完美流体的混合物，并在 LCDM 模型的背景下研究了引力波的传播。我们从数值模拟中发现，根据哈勃常数的局部值，本地脉冲星的计时残差应该呈现可区分的峰值。因此，在假设标准 LCDM 模型时，我们的结果预测最大时序残差区域由源的红移决定。该框架代表了对标准宇宙学模型的新测试，可用于促进正在进行的 PTA 项目对引力波的测量。