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The exploitative segregation of plant roots
Science ( IF 56.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-03 , DOI: 10.1126/science.aba9877
Ciro Cabal 1 , Ricardo Martínez-García 1, 2 , Aurora de Castro Aguilar 3 , Fernando Valladares 3, 4 , Stephen W. Pacala 1
Affiliation  

Competitive roots Much of the world's plant biomass exists out of sight underground in the form of roots. Cabal et al. developed a theoretical model and tested it empirically to explain the rules that govern root growth (see the Perspective by Semchenko). Plants adjust how and where their roots grow according to how close neighboring—and competing—plants might be. The model extracts some of the rules about how root balls differ when grown close to neighboring plants compared with being grown in the absence of competition. Science, this issue p. 1197; see also p. 1167 In the presence of neighbors, plants overproliferate nearby roots and reduce their longer-range foraging roots. Plant roots determine carbon uptake, survivorship, and agricultural yield and represent a large proportion of the world’s vegetation carbon pool. Study of belowground competition, unlike aboveground shoot competition, is hampered by our inability to observe roots. We developed a consumer-resource model based in game theory that predicts the root density spatial distribution of individual plants and tested the model predictions in a greenhouse experiment. Plants in the experiment reacted to neighbors as predicted by the model’s evolutionary stable equilibrium, by both overinvesting in nearby roots and reducing their root foraging range. We thereby provide a theoretical foundation for belowground allocation of carbon by vegetation that reconciles seemingly contradictory experimental results such as root segregation and the tragedy of the commons in plant roots.

中文翻译:

植物根系的剥削性分离

竞争性根 世界上大部分植物生物量都以根的形式存在于地下。卡巴尔等人。开发了一个理论模型并对其进行了实证测试,以解释控制根系生长的规则(参见 Semchenko 的观点)。植物根据邻近植物和竞争植物的距离来调整它们根系的生长方式和位置。该模型提取了一些规则,即与在没有竞争的情况下种植相比,靠近相邻植物种植时根球有何不同。科学,这个问题 p。1197; 另见第 1167 在有邻居的情况下,植物会过度增殖附近的根系并减少它们远距离觅食的根系。植物根系决定碳吸收、存活和农业产量,并代表了世界植被碳库的很大一部分。与地上芽竞争不同,地下竞争的研究因我们无法观察根而受到阻碍。我们开发了一个基于博弈论的消费者资源模型,该模型可以预测单个植物的根密度空间分布,并在温室实验中测试模型预测。正如模型的进化稳定平衡所预测的那样,实验中的植物通过对附近根部的过度投资和减少它们的根部觅食范围来对邻居做出反应。因此,我们为植被的地下碳分配提供了理论基础,它调和了看似矛盾的实验结果,例如根系分离和植物根系的公地悲剧。我们开发了一个基于博弈论的消费者资源模型,该模型可以预测单个植物的根密度空间分布,并在温室实验中测试模型预测。正如模型的进化稳定平衡所预测的那样,实验中的植物通过对附近根部的过度投资和减少它们的根部觅食范围来对邻居做出反应。因此,我们为植被的地下碳分配提供了理论基础,它调和了看似矛盾的实验结果,例如根系分离和植物根系的公地悲剧。我们开发了一个基于博弈论的消费者资源模型,该模型可以预测单个植物的根密度空间分布,并在温室实验中测试模型预测。正如模型的进化稳定平衡所预测的那样,实验中的植物通过对附近根部的过度投资和减少它们的根部觅食范围来对邻居做出反应。因此,我们为植被的地下碳分配提供了理论基础,它调和了看似矛盾的实验结果,例如根系分离和植物根系的公地悲剧。正如模型的进化稳定平衡所预测的那样,实验中的植物通过对附近根部的过度投资和减少它们的根部觅食范围来对邻居做出反应。因此,我们为植被的地下碳分配提供了理论基础,它调和了看似矛盾的实验结果,例如根系分离和植物根系的公地悲剧。正如模型的进化稳定平衡所预测的那样,实验中的植物通过对附近根部的过度投资和减少它们的根部觅食范围来对邻居做出反应。因此,我们为植被的地下碳分配提供了理论基础,它调和了看似矛盾的实验结果,例如根系分离和植物根系的公地悲剧。
更新日期:2020-12-03
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