Continuous increase of wind power penetration brings high randomness to power system, and also leads to serious shortage of primary frequency regulation (PFR) reserve for power system whose reserve capacity is typically provided by conventional units. Considering large-scale wind power participating in PFR, this paper proposes a unit commitment optimization model with respect to coordination of steady state and transient state. In addition to traditional operation costs, losses of wind farm de-loaded operation, environmental benefits and transient frequency safety costs in high-risk stochastic scenarios are also considered in the model. Besides, the model makes full use of interruptible loads on demand side as one of the PFR reserve sources. A selection method for high-risk scenarios is also proposed to improve the calculation efficiency. Finally, this paper proposes an inner-outer iterative optimization method for the model solution. The method is validated by the New England 10-machine system, and the results show that the optimization model can guarantee both the safety of transient frequency and the economy of system operation.

中文翻译：

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大型风电参与一次调频的电力系统情景组合优化

不断增加的风电穿透力给电力系统带来了很大的随机性，也导致严重缺乏通常由常规机组提供的备用容量的电力系统的主频率调节（PFR）备用。考虑到参与PFR的大型风力发电，本文提出了一种针对稳态和暂态协调的机组承诺优化模型。除了传统的运营成本外，该模型还考虑了高风险随机情景中风电场卸载运行的损失，环境收益和瞬态频率安全成本。此外，该模型充分利用了需求侧的可中断负载作为PFR备用源之一。为了提高计算效率，还提出了一种针对高风险场景的选择方法。最后，本文提出了一种用于模型求解的内外迭代优化方法。新英格兰十机系统对该方法进行了验证，结果表明，该优化模型既可以保证瞬时频率的安全性，又可以保证系统运行的经济性。