Research in metacognition suggests that the information people use to predict their memory performance can vary depending on the contexts in which they make their predictions. For example, if people judge their memories after a delay from initial encoding, they may be more likely to use retrieved information about the past encoding experience than if they judged memories immediately after encoding. Although this seems intuitive, past behavioral and neuroimaging work has not tested whether delayed memory judgments are more strongly coupled with information about past experiences than immediate memory judgments. We scanned participants using functional MRI while they encoded paired associates and made predictions about their future memory performance either immediately after encoding or after a delay. Consistent with the hypothesis that people use retrieved information about past experiences to inform delayed memory judgments, our results showed that activation patterns associated with past experience were more strongly coupled with delayed memory judgments than with immediate ones.

中文翻译：

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延迟学习判断与激活过去经验中的信息有关：神经生物学检查

元认知研究表明，人们用来预测记忆表现的信息会因他们做出预测的环境而异。例如，如果人们在初始编码延迟后判断他们的记忆，他们可能更可能使用检索到的关于过去编码经验的信息，而不是在编码后立即判断记忆。尽管这看起来很直观，但过去的行为和神经影像学工作并没有测试延迟记忆判断是否比直接记忆判断与过去经历的信息更紧密地联系在一起。我们使用功能性 MRI 扫描参与者，同时他们对配对关联进行编码，并在编码后立即或延迟后对他们未来的记忆表现进行预测。