This study focuses on the influence of anxiety and depression on individual trajectories of quality of life in old age through a longitudinal approach. A representative sample of adults aged 50+ living in Portugal and participating in wave 4 (W4) and wave 6 (W6) of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) project was considered. Participants, 1765 at baseline (W4) and 1201 at follow up (W6), were asked about their quality of life (CASP-12) and emotional status (Euro-D scale; five items from the Beck Anxiety Inventory). Linear Mixed Effects models were performed to identify factors associated with changes in quality of life across age. Increasing age was found to have a significant negative effect on quality of life. Lower education and higher levels of depression and anxiety at baseline were also associated with worse quality of life; 42.1% of the variation of CASP-12 across age was explained by fixed and random effects, being depression followed by anxiety as the factors that presented with the highest relative importance. Both depression and anxiety play an important role in quality of life in older adults and must be acknowledged as important intervention domains to foster healthy and active aging.

中文翻译：

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老年人的焦虑、抑郁和生活质量：跨年龄的影响轨迹

本研究通过纵向方法重点关注焦虑和抑郁对个人老年生活质量轨迹的影响。考虑了居住在葡萄牙并参与欧洲健康、老龄化和退休调查 (SHARE) 项目第 4 波 (W4) 和第 6 波 (W6) 的 50 岁以上成年人的代表性样本。基线时 (W4) 的 1765 名参与者和随访时 (W6) 的 1201 名参与者被询问了他们的生活质量 (CASP-12) 和情绪状态（Euro-D 量表；贝克焦虑量表中的五个项目）。采用线性混合效应模型来确定与不同年龄阶段生活质量变化相关的因素。研究发现，年龄的增长对生活质量有显着的负面影响。基线时受教育程度较低以及抑郁和焦虑程度较高也与生活质量较差有关；42.1% 的 CASP-12 随年龄变化是由固定效应和随机效应解释的，其中抑郁症其次是焦虑，是相对重要性最高的因素。抑郁和焦虑对老年人的生活质量都起着重要作用，必须被视为促进健康和积极老龄化的重要干预领域。