The eating habits of students differ significantly from those recommended by health practitioners. The aim of this study was to find differences related to diet quality and knowledge on nutrition among Polish, German, and Slovakian students as well as to examine which factors differentiate the diet quality of students from these three countries. The study was conducted on a group of 394 university students from Poland, Germany, and Slovakia. The assessment of diet quality and knowledge on food and nutrition was done with the use of the Dietary Habits and Nutrition Beliefs Questionnaire. The diet of German students was characterized by a significantly higher consumption of legume-based foods, vegetables, and fruit compared to Polish students and Slovakian participants (p < 0.001). The diet of the Poles was characterized by a high consumption of cured meat, smoked sausages, hot dogs, white bread and bakery products, butter, fried foods, and energy drinks. The most important factors significantly associated with diet quality involved the country, place of residence, Body Mass Index (BMI), physical activity, and time spent watching TV or using a computer. Polish students were characterized by the highest level of knowledge on food and nutrition (p < 0.001). However, it was not reflected in their diet. The authorities of universities should aim to provide students with access to canteens on campuses which would offer the possibility of consumption of both affordable and healthy meals.

中文翻译：

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饮食质量与波兰，德国和斯洛伐克大学生的营养知识相比—初步研究

学生的饮食习惯与健康从业者推荐的饮食习惯明显不同。这项研究的目的是发现波兰，德国和斯洛伐克学生在饮食质量和营养知识上的差异，并研究哪些因素使这三个国家的学生的饮食质量有所差异。这项研究是对来自波兰，德国和斯洛伐克的394名大学生进行的。使用饮食习惯和营养信念问卷对饮食质量和食物及营养知识进行评估。与波兰学生和斯洛伐克学员相比，德国学生的饮食特点是其豆类食品，蔬菜和水果的食用量显着增加（p < 0.001）。波兰人的饮食特点是大量食用腌制肉，烟熏香肠，热狗，白面包和烘焙食品，黄油，油炸食品和能量饮料。与饮食质量显着相关的最重要因素包括国家/地区，居住地，体重指数（BMI），体育锻炼以及看电视或使用计算机的时间。波兰学生的食物和营养知识水平最高（p < 0.001）。但是，这并未反映在他们的饮食中。大学当局应致力于为学生提供进入校园食堂的机会，这将使人们有可能消费得起健康食品。