In recent years precision fMRI has emerged in human brain research, demonstrating characterization of individual differences in brain organization. However, mechanistic investigations to the sources of individual variability are limited in humans and thus require animal models. Here, we used resting-state fMRI in awake mice to quantify the contribution of individual variation to the functional architecture of the mouse cortex. We found that the mouse connectome is also characterized by stable individual features that support connectivity-based identification. Unlike in humans, we found that individual variation is homogeneously distributed in sensory and association networks. Finally, connectome-based predictive modeling of motor behavior in the rotarod task revealed that individual variation in functional connectivity explained behavioral variability. Collectively, these results establish the feasibility of precision fMRI in mice and lay the foundation for future mechanistic investigations of individual brain organization and pre-clinical studies of brain disorders in the context of personalized medicine.

近年来，精确功能磁共振成像技术已经出现在人脑研究中，证明了大脑组织中个体差异的特征。然而，对个体变异性来源的机械研究在人类中是有限的，因此需要动物模型。在这里，我们使用清醒小鼠的静止状态功能磁共振成像来量化个体变异对小鼠皮质功能结构的贡献。我们发现鼠标连接器组还具有稳定的单个功能，这些功能支持基于连接的识别。与人类不同，我们发现个体变异在感觉和联想网络中均匀分布。最后，在轮转任务中基于连接组的运动行为预测模型表明，功能连接性的个体变化可以解释行为变异性。总的来说，这些结果确立了在小鼠中进行精确功能磁共振成像的可行性，并为个性化医学背景下的个体大脑组织的机制研究和脑疾病的临床前研究奠定了基础。